{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T16:41:40Z","timestamp":1782492100011,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601424000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Behav. Cogn. Psychother."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1352465820000685_as1\"><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), self-help and guided self-help interventions have been found to be efficacious and cost effective for victims of trauma, but there are limited data from low- and middle-income countries on culturally adapted interventions for trauma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1352465820000685_as2\"><jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the feasibility and acceptability of culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT-based guided self-help (CatCBT GSH) for female victims of domestic violence in Pakistan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1352465820000685_as3\"><jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This randomized controlled trial (RCT) recruited 50 participants from shelter homes in Karachi and randomized them to two equal groups. The intervention group received GSH in nine sessions over 12 weeks. The control group was a waitlist control. The primary outcomes were feasibility and acceptability. Secondary outcomes included Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2 (WHO DAS 2). Assessments were carried out at baseline and at 12 weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1352465820000685_as4\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Out of 60 clients who met<jats:italic>DSM-5<\/jats:italic>criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 56 (93.3%) agreed to participate in the study. Retention to the intervention group was excellent, with 92% (23\/25) attending more than six sessions. Statistically significant differences were noted post-intervention in secondary outcomes in favour of the intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1352465820000685_as5\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A trial of CatCBT GSH was feasible and the intervention was acceptable to Pakistani women who had experienced domestic violence. Furthermore, it may be helpful in improving symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety and overall functioning in this population. The results provide a rationale for a larger, confirmatory RCT of CatCBT GSH.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1352465820000685","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T06:50:06Z","timestamp":1601448606000},"page":"50-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Culturally adapted trauma-focused CBT-based guided self-help (CatCBT GSH) for female victims of domestic violence in Pakistan: feasibility randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Madeeha","family":"Latif","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. Ishrat","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirrat","family":"Gul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saiqa","family":"Naz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Irfan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Aslam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falahat","family":"Awan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayesha","family":"Sharif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanaya","family":"Rathod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ayub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farooq","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62629-X"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.10.051"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2015.02.015"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref37","first-page":"67","article-title":"An evidence-based framework for cultural adaptation of cognitive behaviour therapy: process, methodology and foci of adaptation","volume":"11","author":"Naeem","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Cultural Psychiatry Research Review"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17571472.2009.11493246"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1192\/S1749367600002952","article-title":"Evaluation of an Urdu version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised","volume":"9","author":"Tareen","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref2","volume-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Adults.","year":"2017"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref7","first-page":"CD003388","article-title":"Psychological therapies for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults","volume":"12","author":"Bisson","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-3204.43.4.531"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2015.10.008"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erp.12.67"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pst.185"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref50","unstructured":"WHO. (2008). Integrating Mental Health into Primary Care: A Global Perspective. World Health Orgniazation. http:\/\/www.who.int\/mental_health\/policy\/Mental%20health%20+%20primary%20care-%20final%20low-res%20140908.pdf"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7916(97)00005-0"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.09.031"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref8","first-page":"838","article-title":"The clinical and cost-effectiveness of self-help treatments for anxiety and depressive disorders in primary care: a systematic review","volume":"51","author":"Bower","year":"2001","journal-title":"British Journal of General Practice"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/jsp004"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2009.10.018"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis, G. , Anderson, L. , Araya, R. , Elgie, E. , Harrison, G. , Proudfoot, J. , Schmidt, U. , Sharp, D. , Weightman, A. , & Williams, C. (2003). Self-Help Interventions for Mental Health Problems [Report to the Department of Health]. http:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/20130107105354\/http:\/\/www.dh.gov.uk\/prod_consum_dh\/groups\/dh_digitalassets\/@dh\/@en\/documents\/digitalasset\/dh_4125794.pdf","DOI":"10.1037\/e616692007-001"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(17)30096-2"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1754470X18000247"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2019.08.008"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.09.067231"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2017.1398001"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.whi.2008.08.002"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022079418229"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.113.138370"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713001785"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jonas, D. E. , Cusack, K. , Forneris, C. A. , Wilkins, T. M. , Sonis, J. , Middleton, J. C. , Feltner, C. , Meredith, D. , Cavanaugh, J. , Brownley, K. A. , Olmsted, K. R. , Greenblatt, A. , Weil, A. , & Gaynes, B. N. (2013). Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Adults with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (USA). http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK137702\/","DOI":"10.1037\/e553842013-001"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2018.300"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31589-6"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S138430"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13079"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref49","unstructured":"Weiss, D. , & Marmar, C. (1996). Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) for DSM-IV \u2013 PTSD: National Center for PTSD. In Assessing Psychological Trauma and PTSD (pp. 399\u2013411). Guilford. https:\/\/www.ptsd.va.gov\/professional\/assessment\/adult-sr\/ies-r.asp"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09540261.2012.711746"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref26","first-page":"886260518824652","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of violence against women in Pakistan","author":"LaBore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465810000822"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref54","first-page":"217","volume-title":"The Use of Psychological Testing for Treatment Planning and Outcome Assessment","author":"Derogatis","year":"1994"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465812000859"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref3","first-page":"874","article-title":"Brief culturally adapted cognitive behaviour therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder: a pilot study","volume":"31","author":"Aslam","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2016.1223177"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-017053"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465810000378"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.11.007"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-007-0034-6"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.17165"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2055207619842986"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2015.02.012"},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref31","article-title":"Development of Southampton Adaptation Framework for CBT (SAF-CBT): a framework for adaptation of CBT in non-western culture","author":"Naeem","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society."},{"key":"S1352465820000685_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-009-0016-6"}],"container-title":["Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1352465820000685","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T08:05:45Z","timestamp":1669017945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1352465820000685\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1352465820000685"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1352465820000685","relation":{},"ISSN":["1352-4658","1469-1833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1352-4658","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-1833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]]}}}