{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T12:43:50Z","timestamp":1772196230604,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,26]],"date-time":"2009-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235606400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":4866,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuropsychological impairment and DSM-III-R Axis I psychiatric diagnoses were evaluated in a heterogenous group of HIV seropositive individuals and seronegative individuals with similar risk factors for HIV infection. Neuropsychological and psychiatric disorders were common in the HIV seropositive group, but there were no relationships between these two aspects of neuropsychiatric dysfunction in seropositive patients. Results indicate that psychiatric disorders in HIV seropositive individuals tend to predate infection and decrease over time following knowledge of seroconversion, suggesting that they are primarily a function of psychosocial factors. Neuropsychological disorders are specific to HIV seropositive patients and tend to increase over time following seroconversion, suggesting that they are due to neurological effects of HIV-infection. (<jats:italic>JINS<\/jats:italic>, 1995, <jats:italic>1<\/jats:italic>, 581\u2013588.)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617700000722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,26]],"date-time":"2009-02-26T08:59:20Z","timestamp":1235638760000},"page":"581-588","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Relationship between psychiatric disease and neuropsychological impairment in HIV seropositive individuals"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Barbara C.","family":"Bix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guila","family":"Glosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Ballas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Meritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Hutelmyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref044","unstructured":"Williams J.B.W. , Rabkin J.G. , Remier R.H. , Gorman J.M. , & Ehrhardt A.A. (in press). Multidisciplinary baseline assessment of injectable drug users with and without HIV infection: Standardized clinical assessments of current and lifetime psychopathology."},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.5.641","article-title":"Implications of self-reported cognitive and motor dysfunction in HIV-positive patients","volume":"148","author":"Wilkins","year":"1991","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/8.1.17"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.2.323"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.2.204"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.10.1924"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1982.04290020021004"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3277272"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.1.3.296","article-title":"Neuropsychological function in physically asymptomatic HIV-I seropositive men","volume":"1","author":"Perry","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.6.696","article-title":"Organic mental disorders caused by HIV: Update on early diagnosis and treatment","volume":"147","author":"Perry","year":"1990","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref030","first-page":"95","article-title":"Depression and neuropsychological performance in symptomatic HIV infection","volume":"15","author":"Pace","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.2.197"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.5.1.86","article-title":"Neuropsychological performance, mood, and complaints of cognitive and motor difficulties in individuals infected with the Human Immuno deficiency Virus","volume":"5","author":"Mapou","year":"1993","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688639208402829"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.4.1.21","article-title":"Neuropsychological and neurological manifestations of HIV-I dementia in drug users","volume":"4","author":"Handelsman","year":"1992","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1977.44.2.367"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-6-828"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref008","first-page":"1","article-title":"1993 revised classification system for HIV infection and expanded surveillance case definition for AIDS among adolescents and adults","volume":"41","year":"1992","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref007","first-page":"509","article-title":"Public health service guidelines for counseling and antibody testing to prevent HIV infection and AIDS","volume":"36","year":"1987","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01688639008401035"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref026","first-page":"181","volume-title":"Subcortical dementia","author":"Navia","year":"1990"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.6.778"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700036412"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)33515-5"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291700017050"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-198804000-00002"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410260503"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800330091011"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1991.01810260032005"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref016","first-page":"547","article-title":"Changes in AIDS incidence trends in the United States","volume":"5","author":"Green","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref039","first-page":"62","article-title":"Subtypes of HIV-related neuropsychological functioning: A cluster analysis approach","volume":"7","author":"van Gorp","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.58.1.22"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref011","volume-title":"The California Verbal Learning Test","author":"Delis","year":"1987"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.4.4.386","article-title":"Neuropsychological performance in asymptomatic HIV infection","volume":"4","author":"Bornstein","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref041","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Manual","author":"Wechsler","year":"1981"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref029","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mental health and behavioral correlates of HIV antibody testing in a cohort of gay men","volume":"1","author":"Ostrow","year":"1989","journal-title":"AIDS Education Prevention"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190602"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.78.8.953"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379203700207"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref028","first-page":"615","article-title":"Characteristics of patients attending an HIV-related psychiatric clinic","volume":"42","author":"O'Dowd","year":"1991","journal-title":"Hospital and Community Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.10.1608"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.7.1.53"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199209000-00006"},{"key":"S1355617700000722_ref003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199304000-00011"}],"container-title":["Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1355617700000722","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,13]],"date-time":"2019-05-13T20:24:06Z","timestamp":1557779046000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1355617700000722\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1355617700000722"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1355617700000722","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-6177","1469-7661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-6177","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,11]]}}}