{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T10:28:36Z","timestamp":1776680916499,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,16]],"date-time":"2001-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":989971200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Children and adolescents with Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) \nhave been reported to show deficits in language processing \nincluding VIQ &lt; PIQ and a learning disability in reading \nand spelling. However, whether this is characteristic of \nadults with Klinefelter syndrome has not been established. \nThirty-five men with Klinefelter syndrome, aged 16 to 61, and \n22 controls were evaluated with a comprehensive neuropsychological \nbattery. The Klinefelter patients scored significantly \nbelow controls in language skills, verbal processing speed, \nverbal and nonverbal executive abilities, and motor dexterity. \nWithin the Klinefelter sample, three cognitive subgroups \nwere identified: VIQ 7 or more points below PIQ (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> \n= 10), VIQ within 6 points of PIQ (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 12), and \nPIQ 7 or more points below VIQ (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 12). The deficits \ndetected in language, verbal processing speed, and verbal \nexecutive skills were found to be isolated to the VIQ &lt; \nPIQ subgroup, while the abnormalities in motor dexterity \nand nonverbal executive skills were confined to the PIQ \n&lt; VIQ subgroup. Older age was significantly correlated \nwith increases in VIQ relative to PIQ in the patient group, \nwhich suggests the intriguing possibility that the PIQ \n&lt; VIQ subgroup primarily emerges in young adulthood, \nperhaps in response to the reported hormonal abnormalities \ndetected in Klinefelter syndrome patients during puberty. \n(<jats:italic>JINS<\/jats:italic>, 2001, <jats:italic>7<\/jats:italic>, 446\u2013456)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617701744013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:16:52Z","timestamp":1027775812000},"page":"446-456","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Neuropsychological profiles of adults with Klinefelter syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"KYLE BRAUER","family":"BOONE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RONALD S.","family":"SWERDLOFF","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BRUCE L.","family":"MILLER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DANIEL H.","family":"GESCHWIND","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JILL","family":"RAZANI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ALISON","family":"LEE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"IRENE GAW","family":"GONZALO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ANNA","family":"HADDAL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KATHERINE","family":"RANKIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PO","family":"LU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LYNN","family":"PAUL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,16]]},"container-title":["Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1355617701744013","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T21:16:12Z","timestamp":1554844572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1355617701744013\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1355617701744013"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1355617701744013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-6177","1469-7661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-6177","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5]]}}}