{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:24:55Z","timestamp":1791980695006,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,27]],"date-time":"2003-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1061942400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the frequency and neurocognitive correlates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and traits of this disorder (ADHD\/Traits) after childhood stroke and orthopedic diagnosis in medical controls. Twenty-nine children with focal stroke lesions and individually matched children with clubfoot or scoliosis were studied with standardized psychiatric, intellectual, academic, adaptive, executive, and motivation function assessments. Lifetime ADHD\/Traits were significantly more common in stroke participants with no prestroke ADHD than in orthopedic controls (16\/28 <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 7\/29; Fisher's Exact <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .02). Lifetime ADHD\/Traits in the orthopedic controls occurred exclusively in males with clubfoot (7\/13; 54%). Participants with current ADHD\/Traits functioned significantly worse (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .005) than participants without current ADHD\/Traits on all outcome measures. Within the stroke group, current ADHD\/Traits was associated with significantly lower verbal IQ and arithmetic achievement (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .04), more nonperseverative errors (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .005), and lower motivation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .004). A principal components analysis of selected outcome variables significantly associated with current ADHD\/Traits revealed \u201cimpaired neurocognition\u201d and \u201cinattention-apathy\u201d factors. The latter factor was a more consistent predictor of current ADHD\/Traits in regression analyses. These findings suggest that inattention and apathy are core features of ADHD\/Traits after childhood stroke. This association may provide clues towards the understanding of mechanisms underlying the syndrome. (<jats:italic>JINS<\/jats:italic>, 2003, <jats:italic>9<\/jats:italic>, 815\u2013829.)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617703960012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,11,3]],"date-time":"2003-11-03T11:05:00Z","timestamp":1067857500000},"page":"815-829","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and neurocognitive correlates after childhood stroke"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jeffrey E.","family":"Max","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Mathews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Facundo F.","family":"Manes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brigitte A.M.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter T.","family":"Fox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack L.","family":"Lancaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy E.","family":"Lansing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Schatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Collings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,27]]},"container-title":["Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1355617703960012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T05:27:06Z","timestamp":1582262826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1355617703960012\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,27]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1355617703960012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1355617703960012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-6177","1469-7661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-6177","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,27]]}}}