{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T08:48:47Z","timestamp":1762505327001},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,23]],"date-time":"2006-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1137974400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Drug addiction is associated with impaired judgment in unstructured \nsituations in which success depends on self-regulation of behavior \naccording to internal goals (adaptive decision-making). However most \nexecutive measures are aimed at assessing decision-making in structured \nscenarios, in which success is determined by external criteria inherent to \nthe situation (veridical decision-making). The aim of this study was to \nexamine the performance of Substance Abusers (SA, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 97) and \nHealthy Comparison participants (HC, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 81) in two behavioral \ntasks that mimic the uncertainty inherent in real-life decision-making: \nthe Cognitive Bias Task (CB) and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) \n(administered only to SA). A related goal was to study the interdependence \nbetween performances on both tasks. We conducted univariate analyses of \nvariance (ANOVAs) to contrast the decision-making performance of both \ngroups; and used correlation analyses to study the relationship between \nboth tasks. SA showed a marked context-independent decision-making \nstrategy on the CB's adaptive condition, but no differences were \nfound on the veridical conditions in a subsample of SA (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 34) \nand HC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 22). A high percentage of SA (75%) also showed \nimpaired performance on the IGT. Both tasks were only correlated when no \nimpaired participants were selected. Results indicate that SA show \nabnormal decision-making performance in unstructured situations, but not \nin veridical situations. 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