{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T19:13:05Z","timestamp":1774984385756,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,29]],"date-time":"2019-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556496000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold> To characterize cognitive function in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in comparison with other chronic conditions, and to investigate its association with disease activity, and other psychological factors. <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Cross-sectional study including patients with AAV, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 30), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 29). Patients underwent a standardized neuropsychological battery (NEUROPSI). Sleep quality, fatigue, depression, and anxiety levels were assessed. <jats:bold>Results: A<\/jats:bold> total of 60 patients with AAV were included, median age of 54 years, and disease duration of 5.6 years. Prevalence of cognitive dysfunction (CD) in AAV patients was similar to RA and CKD (35%, 40%, and 39.3%, respectively, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .88). When AAV patients with (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 21) and without (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 39) CD were compared, significantly more patients with CD had high disease activity (67% <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic> 31%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .009). Abnormal performance was more frequent in the executive functions in the three groups (45% AAV, 51.7% RA, and 50% CKD), followed by language (25%, 13.8%, and 25%, respectively). Verbal and visual attentional tests were more frequently impaired in patients from the CKD group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .021), and psychomotor functions were more frequently affected in AAV patients (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .05). Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) total score (especially anxiety) was higher in patients with memory impairment than in those with normal memory function (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic> = 6.79, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 4.53 <jats:italic>vs. M<\/jats:italic> = 4.5, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 3.6, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .01). Neither Sleep Quality Index nor fatigue scale scores differed between those cognitively impaired and not impaired. <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> No statistically significant differences were found in the frequency of CD among the three clinical populations. (<jats:italic>JINS<\/jats:italic>, 2019, <jats:italic>25<\/jats:italic>, 595\u2013602)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617719000262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,29]],"date-time":"2019-04-29T05:08:14Z","timestamp":1556514494000},"page":"595-602","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["No Difference in Cognitive Dysfunction Among Patients with ANCA-Associated Vasculitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis or Chronic Kidney Disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Natasha","family":"Alcocer-Castillejos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariadna","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Hinojosa-Azaola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1097\/WNN.0b013e3182593c75","article-title":"Dysexecutive syndrome: a specific pattern of cognitive impairment in systemic sclerosis","volume":"25","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.17-1-60","article-title":"ANCA-associated vasculitis","volume":"17","author":"Yates","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clinical Medicine (London)"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200104)44:4<912::AID-ANR148>3.0.CO;2-5","article-title":"A disease specific activity index for Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis: modification of the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score. International Network for the Study of the Systemic Vasculitides (INSSYS)","volume":"44","author":"Stone","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.2147\/PROM.S144992","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in ANCA-associated vasculitis and item generation for a disease-specific patient-reported outcome measure","volume":"9","author":"Robson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Patient Related Outcome Measures"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00015-1","article-title":"Frequency and patterns of subclinical cognitive impairment in patients with ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitides","volume":"195","author":"Mattioli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.444","article-title":"Summary of KDIGO 2012 CKD guideline: behind the scenes, need for guidance, and a framework for moving forward","volume":"85","author":"Levin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney International"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.03.007","article-title":"Pathogenesis of ANCA-associated vasculitis: an update","volume":"15","author":"Jarrot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Autoimmunity Reviews"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-017-3904-1","article-title":"Patient and physician perspectives on the impact of health-related quality of life in Mexican patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis","volume":"38","author":"Hinojosa-Azaola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rheumatology International"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22117","article-title":"Dysexecutive syndrome: diagnostic criteria and validation study","volume":"68","author":"Godefroy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annals of Neurology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400222","article-title":"Development and initial validation of the vasculitis damage index for the standardized clinical assessment of damage in the systemic vasculitides","volume":"40","author":"Exley","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref6","first-page":"397","article-title":"Rapid onset dementia in patients with microscopic polyangiitis. [asbtract]","volume":"245","author":"Capra","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23243","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Meade","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Care and Research (Hoboken)"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(01)00296-3","article-title":"The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: an updated literature review","volume":"52","author":"Bjelland","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584","article-title":"2010 Rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League against Rheumatism collaborative initiative","volume":"62","author":"Aletaha","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203311405374","article-title":"Cognitive dysfunction in SLE: development of a screening tool","volume":"20","author":"Adhikari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.11144\/Javeriana.UPSY13-4.aeim","article-title":"Adaptaci\u00f3n al espa\u00f1ol del Inventario Multidimensional de Fatiga al entorno laboral","volume":"13","author":"Boada-Grau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Universitas Psychologica"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617712000057","article-title":"Comparison of neuropsychological impairment and vocational outcomes in systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"18","author":"Covey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(89)90047-4","article-title":"The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research","volume":"28","author":"Buysse","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2017.02.014","article-title":"Autoimmune encephalopathy for psychiatrists: when to suspect autoimmunity and what to do next","volume":"58","author":"Oldham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2015.01.009","article-title":"The Pittsburgh sleep quality index as a screening tool for sleep dysfunction in clinical and non-clinical samples: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Mollayeva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sleep Medicine Reviews"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330807","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Wegener\u2019s granulomatosis","volume":"33","author":"Leavitt","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-016-0187-3","article-title":"Cognitive impairment in patients with psoriasis: a cross-sectional study using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment","volume":"17","author":"Colgecen","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196487","article-title":"Disease activity, autoantibodies, and inflammatory molecules in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and cognitive dysfunction","volume":"13","author":"Duarte-Garc\u00eda","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617799555045","article-title":"NEUROPSI: a brief neuropsychological test battery in Spanish with norms by age and educational level","volume":"5","author":"Ostrosky-Solis","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1590\/S1980-57642012DN06030010","article-title":"NEUROPSI battery subtest profile in subcortical vascular dementia and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Matioli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dementia and Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2014.15","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of neuropsychiatric SLE","volume":"10","author":"Hanly","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Rheumatology"},{"key":"S1355617719000262_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37715","article-title":"2012 Revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides","volume":"65","author":"Jennette","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatology"}],"container-title":["Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1355617719000262","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T10:38:04Z","timestamp":1562927884000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1355617719000262\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,29]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1355617719000262"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1355617719000262","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-6177","1469-7661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-6177","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,29]]}}}