{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T16:20:26Z","timestamp":1794586826267,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664755200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1355617722000364_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate if executive and social cognitive dysfunction was associated with apathy in a large cohort of Huntington\u2019s disease gene expansion carriers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1355617722000364_as2\"><jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty premanifest and motor-manifest Huntington\u2019s disease gene expansion carriers (Mini-Mental State Examination score \u2265 24 and Montreal Cognitive Assessment score \u2265 19) and thirty-two controls were examined with the Lille Apathy Rating Scale (LARS), a tailored and quantitative measure of apathy, and a comprehensive cognitive battery on executive functions and social cognition (emotion recognition, theory of mind and sarcasm detection), as well as general correlates like demographic variables, and neuropsychiatric and cognitive screening tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1355617722000364_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The motor-manifest Huntington\u2019s disease gene expansion carriers had significantly different scores on most measures of social cognition and executive functions, compared to premanifest and control participants. Apathy was significantly correlated with most executive test scores, but the Emotion Hexagon was the only social cognitive test score significantly correlated with apathy. We found that the motor score and the depression score were the only significant predictors of the apathy score, when the social cognitive and executive tests with the strongest association with the global LARS score were entered into a multiple stepwise regression model. No cognitive test score could significantly predict apathy. The model explained 21 % of the total variance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1355617722000364_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite being significantly correlated with apathy\u00a0neuropsychological variables did not have a significant impact on apathy when variables as depression and motor symptoms were taken into account. Apathy should be considered an independent symptom of Huntington\u2019s disease that requires specific examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617722000364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]],"date-time":"2022-10-03T10:52:16Z","timestamp":1664794336000},"page":"369-376","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["On the association between apathy and deficits of social cognition and executive functions in Huntington\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3899-7665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca K.","family":"Hendel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9026-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie N.N.","family":"Hellem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena E.","family":"Hjermind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen E.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3401-1061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asmus","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181eccfa2"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/026432996381890"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.73.6.636"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.06.004"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23923"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JHD-160190"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617702813182"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj043"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.5.1647"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307025"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2007.19.4.441"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mdc3.13147"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Apathy predicts rate of cognitive decline over 24 months in premanifest Huntington\u2019s disease","author":"Andrews","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNN.0000000000000286"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30144-4"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.2010.22.3.287"},{"key":"S1355617722000364_ref14","unstructured":"Derogatis, L. 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