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The current study examines longitudinal change in serial position scores as markers of subtle cognitive decline in older adults who may be in preclinical or at-risk states for AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1355617722000595_as2\"><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study uses longitudinal data from the Religious Orders Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project. Participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 141) were included if they did not have dementia at enrollment, completed follow-up assessments, and died and were classified as Braak stage I or II. Memory tests were used to calculate serial position (primacy, recency), total recall, and episodic memory composite scores. A neuropathological evaluation quantified AD, vascular, and Lewy body pathologies. Mixed effects models were used to examine change in memory scores. Neuropathologies and covariates (age, sex, education, APOE e4) were examined as moderators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1355617722000595_as3\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primacy scores declined (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = \u2212.032, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; .001), whereas recency scores increased (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> = .021, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .012). No change was observed in standard memory measures. Greater neurofibrillary tangle density and atherosclerosis explained 10.4% of the variance in primacy decline. Neuropathologies were not associated with recency change.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1355617722000595_as4\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In older adults with hippocampal neuropathologies, primacy score decline may be a sensitive marker of early AD-related changes. Tangle density and atherosclerosis had additive effects on decline. Recency improvement may reflect a compensatory mechanism. Monitoring for changes in serial position scores may be a useful <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> method of tracking incipient AD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617722000595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T09:51:00Z","timestamp":1662371460000},"page":"561-571","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Longitudinal change in serial position scores in older adults with entorhinal and hippocampal neuropathologies"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7917-6727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina M.","family":"Gicas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"Honer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sue E.","family":"Leurgans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie A.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2016.1179721"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(95)00151-4"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-017-9366-0"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2010.516742"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acs116"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31825018f7"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459109150691"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2014.00132"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.120.257824"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180229"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002480"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnp.12235"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref15","first-page":"804","article-title":"Varied effects of age-related neuropathologies on the trajectory of late life cognitive decline","volume":"140","author":"Boyle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-131880"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(96)80054-2"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000180"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24388"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab092"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awv236"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.595082"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317516653826"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0333-5"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0045106"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.2.198"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006875"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000620"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2111-20.2020"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(97)00057-2"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006949"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.02.002"},{"key":"S1355617722000595_ref82","unstructured":"R Core Team. 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