{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T14:40:13Z","timestamp":1761835213968,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747785600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":81,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617725000128_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the association of posttraumatic headache (PTH) type with postconcussive symptoms (PCS), pain intensity, and fluid cognitive function across recovery after pediatric concussion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617725000128_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective, longitudinal study recruited children (aged 8\u201316.99 years) within 24 hours of sustaining a concussion or mild orthopedic injury (OI) from two pediatric hospital emergency departments. Based on parent-proxy ratings of pre- and postinjury headache, children were classified as concussion with no PTH (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 18), new PTH (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 43), worse PTH (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 58), or non-worsening chronic PTH (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 19), and children with OI with no PTH (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 58). Children and parents rated PCS and children rated pain intensity weekly up to 6 months. Children completed computerized testing of fluid cognition 10 days, 3 months, and 6- months postinjury. Mixed effects models compared groups across time on PCS, pain intensity, and cognition, controlling for preinjury scores and covariates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617725000128_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Group differences in PCS decreased over time. Cognitive and somatic PCS were higher in new, chronic, and worse PTH relative to no PTH (up to 8 weeks postinjury;\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.34 to 0.87 when significant) and OI (up to 5 weeks postinjury;\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.30 to 1.28 when significant). Pain intensity did not differ by group but declined with time postinjury. Fluid cognition was lower across time in chronic PTH versus no PTH (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.76) and OI (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.61) and in new PTH versus no PTH (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.51).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617725000128_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Onset of PTH was associated with worse PCS up to 8 weeks after pediatric concussion. Chronic PTH and new PTH were associated with moderately poorer fluid cognitive functioning up to 6 months postinjury. Pain declined over time regardless of PTH type.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617725000128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T02:15:22Z","timestamp":1747793722000},"page":"229-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Posttraumatic headache and clinical recovery after pediatric concussion"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Mica Gabrielle","family":"Marbil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Michel","family":"Galarneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith Owen","family":"Yeates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nori Mercuri","family":"Minich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western Reserve University"},{"name":"University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"Hershey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cincinnati College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serena L.","family":"Orr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dana M.","family":"Defta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. 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