{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T04:02:52Z","timestamp":1765944172637,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755820800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":82,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617725101227_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To further investigate the \u201cother side of the bell curve\u201d hypothesis, the current study examined the number of low and high scores on a neuropsychological battery: 1) in cognitively unimpaired or impaired older adults, 2) as they relate to biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), and 3) as they relate to traditional scores on this battery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617725101227_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In 68 cognitively unimpaired and 97 cognitively impaired participant, the number of low (i.e., \u2264 16\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      percentile) and high (i.e., \u2265 75\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      percentile) scores on the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) were calculated, compared between the two groups, and related to biomarkers of AD (i.e., amyloid deposition, hippocampal volumes, \u03b54 alleles of Apolipoprotein E (APOE)) and RBANS Total score.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617725101227_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cognitively diverse sample, low and high scores were common, with approximately 75% having at least one low score and 86% having at least one high score. Unimpaired participants had significantly more high scores and fewer low scores than their impaired counterparts. The number of low scores was significantly related to more amyloid deposition, smaller hippocampal volume, and having one or more copies of the \u03b54 allele of APOE. The number of high scores was similarly related with these biomarkers. Low\/high scores were comparable to traditional scores on the RBANS in identifying cognitively impaired participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617725101227_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Support for the \u201cother side of the bell curve\u201d hypothesis was equivocal in these analyses, with both sides of the bell curve appearing to provide relevant information in a cognitively diverse sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617725101227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]],"date-time":"2025-08-22T04:14:39Z","timestamp":1755836079000},"page":"364-372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Both sides of the bell curve: Base rates of high and low scores in cognitively unimpaired and impaired older adults and their relationship to biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9336-2400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Duff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Health & Science University"},{"name":"University of Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chase","family":"Presley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0206-0475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jace B.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Hoffman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Utah"},{"name":"Huntsman Cancer Institute"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0919-6479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rune","family":"Raudeberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bergen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.112.115006"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.142109"},{"volume-title":"WRAT 4: Wide Range Achievement Test, professional manual","year":"2006","author":"Wilkinson","key":"S1355617725101227_ref19"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(82)90033-4"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t15149-000"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00569-X"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acv052"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e25"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617723000607"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acab097"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617719001218"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000691"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.148056"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhg087"},{"key":"S1355617725101227_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"volume-title":"Manual for the Weschler memory scale - 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