{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T22:08:30Z","timestamp":1793916510359,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617726102057_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Few studies have examined how differing diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) relate to neuroimaging markers of cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration in Veterans. We compared three MCI diagnostic schemes on their associations with white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden, hippocampal volume, and cortical thickness in nondemented Vietnam-era Veterans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617726102057_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>228 Veterans (mean age = 69.65) were classified using: (1) Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) criteria (subjective memory concerns, impaired Logical Memory, global Clinical Dementia Rating = 0.5); (2) neuropsychological criteria (&gt;1 standard deviation [SD] below norms on two tests within a domain or one test across three domains); and (3) typical criteria (subjective memory concerns and &gt;1.5 SD below norms on one test). Regression models predicting WMH burden adjusted for age and intracranial volume and included MCI status and hippocampal volume; ADNI-based models also included posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617726102057_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Neuropsychological criteria were associated with greater WMH burden (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.45,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .024), whereas typical and ADNI criteria were not. Sensitivity analyses found that meeting neuropsychological criteria for amnestic MCI interacted with lower hippocampal volume to predict greater WMH burden (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      = \u22120.001,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .028). No criteria were associated with cortical thickness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1355617726102057_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuropsychological criteria more sensitively identified Veterans with greater WMH burden and demonstrated a small, hippocampal volume-dependent effect in amnestic MCI. These findings support the clinical utility of multi-test neuropsychological approaches for detecting complex brain changes in high-comorbidity populations, with implications for risk stratification and targeted intervention in aging Veterans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617726102057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T04:56:35Z","timestamp":1781844995000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Neuropsychological criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) best identify neuroimaging-based risk profiles: A Department of Defense\/Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study"],"prefix":"10.1017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7437-9266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasia","family":"Matchanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego Health"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00znqwq11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4842-9047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica T.","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00znqwq11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05qwgg493","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Department of Neurology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conner","family":"Frank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego Health"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00znqwq11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail","family":"Zaratan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"California Northstate University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1363-3179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Bangen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego Health"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00znqwq11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark W.","family":"Bondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Delano-Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California San Diego Health"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00znqwq11","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System"},{"name":"Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Department of Defense Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e32834c7eb9"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.200033797"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004983"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22690"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617709990257"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2022.0041"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617720000752"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2017.02.005"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617713000313"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2016.00052"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e31819431d5"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105275"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003326"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref45","first-page":"S226","article-title":"Effects of traumatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress disorder on Alzheimers disease in veterans, using the Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuroimaging initiative","volume":"10","author":"Weiner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s and Dementia"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref51","first-page":"1045","article-title":"A multi-domain subtype of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Cognitive functioning in a large cohort of older adults","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aging and Mental Health"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref37","volume-title":"Rey Auditory verbal learning test: A handbook","author":"Schmidt","year":"1996"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e25"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2016.10.006"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00288"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.12.011"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S135561771400068X"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.3.303"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref2","unstructured":"Blake, D. D. , Weathers, F. W. , Nagy, L. M. , Kaloupek, D. G. , Charney, D. S. , & Keane, T. M. (1998). Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-IV. National Center for PTSD."},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01388.x"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.07.016"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169650"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.021"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref38","first-page":"239","article-title":"Fully-automated white matter hyperintensity detection with anatomical prior knowledge and without FLAIR","volume":"21","author":"Schwarz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Information Processing in Medical Imaging: Proceedings of the Conference"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01380.x"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01380.x"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318191c7dd"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.25166"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.35092"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617709090638"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref25","unstructured":"Kaplan, E. , Goodglass, H. , & Weintraub, S. (1983). Boston naming test."},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S135561772301144X"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2016.1144894"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.62.7.1160"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref35","volume-title":"Trail making test. Manual for administration, scoring, and interpretation","author":"Reitan","year":"1956"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.23039"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11065-008-9054-1"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-140276"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0395"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000275"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1717-7"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004826","article-title":"Practice guideline update summary: Mild cognitive impairment: Report of the guideline development, dissemination, and implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology","volume":"90","author":"Petersen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HTR.0000000000000514"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2019.08.006"},{"key":"S1355617726102057_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)00569-X"}],"container-title":["Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1355617726102057","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T04:56:39Z","timestamp":1781844999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1355617726102057\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S1355617726102057"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1355617726102057","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-6177","1469-7661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-6177","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]}}}