{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:22:32Z","timestamp":1790616152572,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]],"date-time":"1999-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":920246400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To explore how age and length of abstinence affects \nneuropsychological (NP) recovery in chronic male alcoholics, \nwe examined 97 recently detoxified alcoholics (RDA) who \nwere abstinent a mean of 29.7 (<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 9.4) days at their \nfirst evaluation, and again 2 years later, at which time 62 had \nresumed drinking (RES) and 35 had maintained interim abstinence \n(ITA). To separate practice effects from NP recovery, the NP \nperformance of the RES and ITA groups were compared to age- and \neducation-matched 29 long-term abstinent (LTA) alcoholics, \nabstinent a mean of 4.3 (<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 3.5) years at initial \ntesting, and 49 nonalcoholic controls (NAC). Sample mean \nage and education was 48.7 (<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 8.8) and 13.9 \n(<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 2.7) years, respectively. The RDA and LTA groups \nwere also matched on years of alcoholic drinking [i.e., 17.2 \n(<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 9.3) and 15.6 (<jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic> = 8.7) years, \nrespectively]. Results of 14 NP tests were reduced to 6 NP \nabilities (i.e., attention, learning, memory (recall), \nabstraction\u2013cognitive flexibility, complex perceptual\u2013motor \nintegration and simple motor skills) that formed dependent variables \nin 4 groups \u00d7 2 ages (median split at 51.4 years classified \nparticipants as <jats:italic>young<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>old)<\/jats:italic> repeated measures MANOVA. \nResults: (1) the ITA group improved on abstracting ability more than other \ngroups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .009); (2) the RES group deteriorated on motor tests \n(<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .03); (3) all <jats:italic>younger<\/jats:italic> alcoholics exceeded practice \neffects on abstracting ability, while <jats:italic>older<\/jats:italic> RES participants \ndeteriorated relative to ITA group (3-way interaction, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = .03); \nand (4) the LTA group was comparable in NP performance to the NAC group. \nIn conclusion, the extent and features of NP recovery among alcoholics are \nrelated to age, length of abstinence, and interim drinking. \n(<jats:italic>JINS<\/jats:italic>, 1999, <jats:italic>5<\/jats:italic>, 234\u2013246.)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617799533067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,13]],"date-time":"2002-11-13T23:24:21Z","timestamp":1037229861000},"page":"234-246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["The interactive effects of age and length of abstinence \non the recovery of neuropsychological functioning in chronic \nmale alcoholics: A 2-year follow-up study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"SEAN B.","family":"ROURKE","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"IGOR","family":"GRANT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,3,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1355617799533067","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,4]],"date-time":"2019-04-04T19:33:43Z","timestamp":1554406423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1355617799533067\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1355617799533067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1355617799533067","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-6177","1469-7661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-6177","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,3]]}}}