{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:32:38Z","timestamp":1790112758009,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]],"date-time":"1999-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":925516800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Int Neuropsychol Soc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Identification deficits in dementia of the Alzheimer \nType (DAT) often target specific classes of objects, sparing \nothers. Using line drawings to uncover the etiology of \nsuch category-specific deficits may be untenable because \nthe underlying shape primitives used to differentiate one \nline drawing from another are unspecified, and object form \nis yoked to object meaning. We used computer generated \nstimuli with empirically specifiable properties in a paradigm \nthat decoupled form and meaning. In Experiment 1 visually \nsimilar or distinct blobs were paired with semantically \nclose or disparate labels, and participants attempted to \nlearn these pairings. By having the same blobs stand for \nsemantically close and disparate objects and looking at \nshape\u2013label confusion rates for each type of set, \nform and meaning were independently assessed. Overall, \nvisual similarity of shapes and semantic similarity of \nlabels each exacerbated object confusions. For controls, \nthe effects were small but significant. For DAT patients \nmore substantial visual and semantic proximity effects \nwere obtained. Experiment 2 demonstrated that even small \nchanges in semantic proximity could effect significant \nchanges in DAT task performance. Labeling 3 blobs with \n\u201clion,\u201d \u201ctiger,\u201d and \u201cleopard\u201d \nsignificantly elevated DAT confusion rates compared to \nexactly the same blobs labeled with \u201clion,\u201d \n\u201ctiger,\u201d and \u201czebra.\u201d In conclusion \nboth visual similarity <jats:italic>and<\/jats:italic> semantic proximity \ncontributed to the identification errors of DAT patients. \n(<jats:italic>JINS<\/jats:italic>, 1999, <jats:italic>5<\/jats:italic>, 330\u2013345.)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1355617799544044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T13:29:39Z","timestamp":1027776579000},"page":"330-345","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Object identification deficits in dementia of the Alzheimer \ntype: Combined effects of semantic and visual proximity"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"MIKE J.","family":"DIXON","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DANIEL N.","family":"BUB","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"HOWARD","family":"CHERTKOW","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MARTIN","family":"ARGUIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1999,5,1]]},"container-title":["Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1355617799544044","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T19:42:06Z","timestamp":1554320526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1355617799544044\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1355617799544044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1355617799544044","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-6177","1469-7661"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-6177","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7661","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,5]]}}}