{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:05:47Z","timestamp":1790921147586,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,16]],"date-time":"2010-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1281916800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980010002156_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\">\n\t    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>To identify factors associated with exclusive breast-feeding and breast-feeding during the first year of life among Norwegian infants.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980010002156_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\">\n\t    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Data on breast-feeding practices were collected by a semi-quantitative FFQ.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980010002156_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\">\n\t    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>In 2006\u20132007 about 3000 infants were invited to participate in a population-based prospective cohort study in Norway.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980010002156_abs4\" sec-type=\"subjects\">\n\t    <jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>A total of 1490 mothers\/infants participated at both 6 and 12 months of age.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980010002156_abs5\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Exclusive breast-feeding at 4 months was associated with parental education, parity and geographical region, while exclusive breast-feeding at 5\u00b75 months was associated only with maternal age. At both ages, a negative association with exclusive breast-feeding was observed for maternal smoking. Breast-feeding at 6 months was associated with parental education, maternal age and marital status. Breast-feeding at 12 months was associated with maternal education, maternal age and number of children. At both ages, negative associations with breast-feeding were observed for maternal smoking and descending birth weight. At 12 months, a negative association was also observed for having day care by other than the parents.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980010002156_abs6\" sec-type=\"conclusion\">\n\t    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Even though Norway has an extensive and positive breast-feeding tradition and a maternal leave system that supports the possibility to breast-feed, factors like maternal education, maternal age and maternal smoking are strongly associated with duration of exclusive breast-feeding and breast-feeding. Research to better understand the reasons for inequalities in breast-feeding is needed to facilitate the development of more effective breast-feeding promotion strategies. This again may improve compliance with recommendations and reduce inequalities in infant feeding practices.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980010002156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,16]],"date-time":"2010-08-16T11:20:28Z","timestamp":1281957628000},"page":"2087-2096","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Factors associated with exclusive breast-feeding and breast-feeding in Norway"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anne Lene","family":"Kristiansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Britt","family":"Lande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina Cecilie","family":"\u00d8verby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lene Frost","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.2.304","article-title":"Maternal smoking and the risk of early weaning: a meta-analysis","volume":"91","author":"Horta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-10","unstructured":"10. World Health Organization (2008) Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices. Conclusions of a Consensus Meeting held 6\u20138 November 2007 in Washington DC, USA. Geneva: WHO."},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-11","volume-title":"Infant Feeding Recommendations","year":"2001"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490612100111","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and breastfeeding initiation among California mothers","volume":"121","author":"Heck","year":"2006","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198107303307"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-17","unstructured":"17. National Board of Health and Welfare (2008) Breastfeeding, Children born in 2006. http:\/\/www.socialstyrelsen.se\/publikationer2008\/2008-125-12 (accessed September 2009)."},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-4","first-page":"5","article-title":"Factors associated with the initiation and duration of breastfeeding: a review of the literature","volume":"7","author":"Scott","year":"1999","journal-title":"Breastfeed Rev"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2005.tb02014.x","article-title":"Infant milk feeding practices in the Netherlands and associated factors","volume":"94","author":"Lanting","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13082.x"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-9","volume-title":"The Optimal Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding. Report of An Expert Consultation","year":"2001"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-18","unstructured":"18. National Immunization Survey, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services (2006) US National Breastfeeding Rates. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/breastfeeding\/data\/NIS_data\/2006\/age.htm (accessed October 2006)."},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2005.09.035"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries","volume":"153","author":"Ip","year":"2007","journal-title":"Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep)"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2003.tb00519.x"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2009.01021.x"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-15","volume-title":"Spedkost 12 Months \u2013 Norwegian National Dietary Survey among Infants","author":"Lande","year":"2005"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932000017247"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-9-60","article-title":"Predictors of the early introduction of solid foods in infants: results of a cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Scott","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2008.00176.x","article-title":"Breastfeeding protects against infectious diseases during infancy in industrialized countries. A systematic review","volume":"5","author":"Duijts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2005.tb00128.x","article-title":"The validity and reliability of maternal recall of breastfeeding practice","volume":"63","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2003.10.020"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2005.tb02093.x"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-13","unstructured":"13. NAV (not dated) Parental benefit on birth. http:\/\/www.nav.no\/English\/Stay+in+Norway\/805369034.cms (accessed August 2009)."},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-14","volume-title":"Spedkost 6 Months \u2013 Norwegian National Dietary Survey Among Infants at 6 Months","author":"Lande","year":"2003"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2002.tb00019.x"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601621","article-title":"Validation of a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire used among 12-month-old Norwegian infants","volume":"57","author":"Andersen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-536x.1999.00149.x","article-title":"Does parental breastfeeding knowledge increase breastfeeding rates?","volume":"26","author":"Susin","year":"1999","journal-title":"Birth"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2006.tb02347.x"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20051499"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN2001164","article-title":"Breastfeeding determinants and a suggested framework for action in Europe","volume":"4","author":"Yngve","year":"2001","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.7.627"},{"key":"S1368980010002156_manual_ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602045"}],"container-title":["Public Health Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1368980010002156","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T07:31:55Z","timestamp":1750491115000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1368980010002156\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,16]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1368980010002156"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1368980010002156","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-9800","1475-2727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-9800","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,16]]}}}