{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T18:14:00Z","timestamp":1793902440129,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,2]],"date-time":"2011-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1312243200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980011001352_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To build up sufficient knowledge of a \u2018healthy diet\u2019. Here, we report on the assessment of nutritional knowledge using a uniform method in a large sample of adolescents across Europe.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980011001352_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980011001352_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>The European multicentre HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study conducted in 2006\u20132007 in ten cities in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece (one inland and one island city), Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980011001352_abs4\" sec-type=\"subjects\"><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 3546 adolescents (aged 12\u00b75\u201317\u00b75 years) completed a validated nutritional knowledge test (NKT). Socio-economic variables and anthropometric data were considered as potential confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980011001352_abs5\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>NKT scores increased with age and girls had higher scores compared with boys (62 % <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> 59 %; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0\u00b70001). Scores were approximately 10 % lower in \u2018immigrant\u2019 adolescents or in adolescents with \u2018immigrant\u2019 mothers. Misconceptions with respect to the sugar content in food or in beverages were found. Overall, there was no correlation between BMI values and NKT scores. After categorization according to BMI, scores increased significantly with BMI group only in boys. These differences disappeared after controlling for socio-economic status (SES). Smoking status and educational level of the mother influenced the NKT scores significantly in boys, as well as the educational levels of both parents in girls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980011001352_abs6\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nutritional knowledge was modest in our sample. Interventions should be focused on the lower SES segments of the population. They should be initiated at a younger age and should be combined with environmental prevention (e.g. healthy meals in school canteens).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980011001352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,2]],"date-time":"2011-08-02T12:34:05Z","timestamp":1312288445000},"page":"2083-2091","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Nutritional knowledge in European adolescents: results from the HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Sichert-Hellert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Beghin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefaan","family":"De Henauw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelia","family":"Grammatikaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Hallstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannis","family":"Manios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda I","family":"Mesana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D\u00e9nes","family":"Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaela","family":"Piccinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Plada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sj\u00f6str\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis A","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Kersting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980011001352_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600001400202"},{"key":"S1368980011001352_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-6047.11.supp3.7.x"},{"key":"S1368980011001352_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PHN200052"},{"key":"S1368980011001352_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyl119"},{"key":"S1368980011001352_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/appe.1999.0311"},{"key":"S1368980011001352_ref36","unstructured":"36. 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