{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T23:10:51Z","timestamp":1792451451684,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,12]],"date-time":"2012-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1334188800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S136898001200105X_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the worldwide implementation of the WHO Child Growth Standards (\u2018WHO standards\u2019).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S136898001200105X_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A questionnaire on the adoption of the WHO standards was sent to health authorities. The questions concerned anthropometric indicators adopted, newly introduced indicators, age range, use of sex-specific charts, previously used references, classification system, activities undertaken to roll out the standards and reasons for non-adoption.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S136898001200105X_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Worldwide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S136898001200105X_abs4\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred and nineteen countries and territories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S136898001200105X_abs5\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>By April 2011, 125 countries had adopted the WHO standards, another twenty-five were considering their adoption and thirty had not adopted them. Preference for local references was the main reason for non-adoption. Weight-for-age was adopted almost universally, followed by length\/height-for-age (104 countries) and weight-for-length\/height (eighty-eight countries). Several countries (thirty-six) reported newly introducing BMI-for-age. Most countries opted for sex-specific charts and the <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>-score classification. Many redesigned their child health records and updated recommendations on infant feeding, immunization and other health messages. About two-thirds reported incorporating the standards into pre-service training. Other activities ranged from incorporating the standards into computerized information systems, to providing supplies of anthropometric equipment and mobilizing resources for the standards\u2019 roll-out.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S136898001200105X_abs6\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five years after their release, the WHO standards have been widely scrutinized and implemented. Countries have adopted and harmonized best practices in child growth assessment and established the breast-fed infant as the norm against which to assess compliance with children's right to achieve their full genetic growth potential.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s136898001200105x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,24]],"date-time":"2012-08-24T09:49:08Z","timestamp":1345801748000},"page":"1603-1610","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":339,"title":["Worldwide implementation of the WHO Child Growth Standards"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mercedes","family":"de Onis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelheid","family":"Onyango","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Borghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amani","family":"Siyam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Bl\u00f6ssner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chessa","family":"Lutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"S136898001200105X_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-2175"},{"key":"S136898001200105X_ref1","volume-title":"Physical Status: The Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry. 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