{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:41:17Z","timestamp":1780393277266,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]],"date-time":"2012-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341360000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980012002984_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assessed serum homocysteine (tHcy) and folate concentrations among US adolescents before and after fortification of cereal-grain products with folic acid, and associations with demographic, behavioural and physiological factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980012002984_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Observational study conducted among participants of a randomized trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980012002984_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980012002984_abs4\" sec-type=\"subjects\"><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>2445) in grades 8 (pre-fortification, mean age 14 years) and 12 (post-fortification, mean age 18 years).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980012002984_abs5\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Average serum concentrations of tHcy, folate and vitamin B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>increased by 17 %, 16 % and 14 %, respectively, while serum concentrations of vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>decreased by 11 % post-fortification. Folic acid fortification provided, on average, an additional intake of 118 \u03bcg folate\/d. Male sex (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b70001) and white race (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0\u00b70008) were associated with significantly greater increases in tHcy concentration, while increases in BMI (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0\u00b7006) and serum folate concentration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b70001) were associated with significant decreases in tHcy concentration. Female sex (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b70001), non-smoking (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b70001), use of multivitamins (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b70001) and higher dietary intake of folate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0\u00b7001) were associated with significantly greater increases in serum folate concentrations. From grade 8 to grade 12, the upward age trend in serum tHcy concentration was uninterrupted in its course (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&gt; 0\u00b750); whereas serum folic acid concentration showed a downward trend that incurred a discrete jump upward (17 % higher;<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b70001) with fortification. These trends differed significantly for males<jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. females (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b7001 for interaction).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980012002984_abs6\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fortification had a significant impact on improving folate status but not serum tHcy concentrations among US adolescents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980012002984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,13]],"date-time":"2012-09-13T14:14:50Z","timestamp":1347545690000},"page":"1818-1826","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Serum homocysteine and folate concentrations among a US cohort of adolescents before and after folic acid fortification"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Daniel A","family":"Enquobahrie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry 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