{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T02:07:04Z","timestamp":1783130824165,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,7]],"date-time":"2013-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362614400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980013000475_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of the current analysis was to explore the association of multiple micronutrients with Hb concentration among pregnant women in a South Asian setting, a topic that has not been adequately explored.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980013000475_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sociodemographic, anthropometric and micronutrient status (plasma ferritin, transferrin receptor, retinol, \u03b1- and \u03b3-tocopherol, folate, vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>, Zn) and Hb concentration were assessed at early pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980013000475_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>The biochemical sub-study was nested within a double-blind, placebo-controlled, community-based vitamin A and \u03b2-carotene supplementation trial in rural north-western Bangladesh (JiVitA). All assessments were conducted before trial supplementation was initiated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980013000475_abs4\" sec-type=\"subjects\"><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic sample of 285 women was selected from those enrolled in the biochemical sub-study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980013000475_abs5\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventeen per cent of women were mildly anaemic; moderate and severe anaemia was uncommon (2\u00b71 %). \u03b1-Tocopherol, vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> and Zn deficiencies were common (43\u00b75 %, 19\u00b77 % and 14\u00b77 %, respectively); however, vitamin A, folate and Fe deficiencies were comparatively rare (7\u00b74 %, 2\u00b78 % and &lt;1 %, respectively). Plasma Zn, vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub> and \u03b1-tocopherol were positively associated and plasma \u03b3-tocopherol was negatively associated with Hb (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0\u00b705) after adjustment for gestational age, inflammation status, season and nutritional status measured by mid-upper arm circumference.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980013000475_abs6\" sec-type=\"conclusion\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among pregnant women in rural Bangladesh with minimal Fe deficiency, plasma Zn, vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>, and \u03b1- and \u03b3-tocopherol concentrations were associated with Hb concentration. Appreciating the influence on Hb of micronutrients in addition to those with known associations with anaemia, such as Fe, folate, and vitamin A, is important when addressing anaemia in similar settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980013000475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,7]],"date-time":"2013-03-07T14:06:18Z","timestamp":1362665178000},"page":"1354-1361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Plasma zinc, vitamin B<sub>12<\/sub> and \u03b1-tocopherol are positively and plasma \u03b3-tocopherol is negatively associated with Hb concentration in early pregnancy in north-west Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Abu Ahmed","family":"Shamim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alamgir","family":"Kabir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca 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