{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:27:56Z","timestamp":1789586876521,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421712000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980014003206_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyse the relationship between serum folate (SF), vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>and impaired cognitive function in the Chilean elderly.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980014003206_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analysed the relationships between impaired cognitive function and age, SF (\u00b5g\/l) and vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>(pg\/ml) with Student\u2019s<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>test, as well as between impaired cognitive function and gender, educational level, residence area, diabetes and hypertension with the<jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>test. Multiple logistic regressions with interactions were estimated to assess the impact of SF on impaired cognitive function according to these methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980014003206_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chile.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980014003206_abs4\" sec-type=\"subjects\"><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Older adults (&gt;65 years,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>1051), drawn from representative households of a national prevalence study, assessed using the Modified Mini Mental Status Examination (MMMSE). Individuals with altered MMMSE scores (\u226413 points) were sequentially assessed using the Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire (PFAQ).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980014003206_abs5\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multivariate models using the MMMSE demonstrated an increased risk of impaired cognitive function for seniors who had hypertension, diabetes and higher vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>levels. SF and its square (SF<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) were statistically significant, indicating that this predictor of impaired cognitive function displays a U-shaped distribution. The interaction between SF and vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>was not statistically significant. Models using the MMMSE plus PFAQ suggested that urban residence decreased the risk of impaired cognitive function, whereas male gender, older age, vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>levels and hypertension increased this risk. The variables SF and SF<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>and the SF \u00d7 vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>interaction were statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.05). The risk of impaired cognitive function depended on different combinations of SF and vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>levels. When SF was low, a one-unit increase in SF (1 \u00b5g\/l) diminished the risk. When SF was elevated, a further increase in SF raised the risk, especially at low vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980014003206_abs6\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship between folate, vitamin B<jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>and impaired cognitive function warrants further study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980014003206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]],"date-time":"2015-01-20T06:46:30Z","timestamp":1421736390000},"page":"2600-2608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Serum folate, vitamin B<sub>12<\/sub>and cognitive impairment in Chilean older adults"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Castillo-Lancellotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Margozzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Valdivia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oslando","family":"Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Uauy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Rozowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep A","family":"Tur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980014003206_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/an.112.002535"},{"key":"S1368980014003206_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.6.1346","article-title":"Low folate status is associated with impaired cognitive function and dementia in the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging","volume":"82","author":"Ramos","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"S1368980014003206_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2"},{"key":"S1368980014003206_ref36","first-page":"832","article-title":"Flour fortification with folic acid in Chile. 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