{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T19:10:09Z","timestamp":1773688209040,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,6]],"date-time":"2015-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438819200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015002207_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Determining interventions to address food insecurity and poverty, as well as setting targets to be achieved in a specific time period have been a persistent challenge for development practitioners and decision makers. The present study aimed to assess the changes in food access and consumption at the household level after one-year implementation of an integrated food security intervention in three rural districts of Rwanda.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015002207_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A before-and-after intervention study comparing Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) scores and household Food Consumption Scores (FCS) at baseline and after one year of programme implementation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015002207_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three rural districts of Rwanda (Kayonza, Kirehe and Burera) where the Partners In Health Food Security and Livelihoods Program (FSLP) has been implemented since July 2013.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015002207_abs4\" sec-type=\"subjects\"><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>All 600 households enrolled in the FSLP were included in the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015002207_abs5\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were significant improvements (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;0\u00b7001) in HFIAS and FCS. The median decrease in HFIAS was 8 units (interquartile range (IQR) \u221213\u00b70, \u22123\u00b70) and the median increase for FCS was 4\u00b75 units (IQR \u22126\u00b70, 18\u00b70). Severe food insecurity decreased from 78 % to 49 %, while acceptable food consumption improved from 48 % to 64 %. The change in HFIAS was significantly higher (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b7019) for the poorest households.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980015002207_abs6\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study demonstrated that an integrated programme, implemented in a setting of extreme poverty, was associated with considerable improvements towards household food security. Other government and non-government organizations\u2019 projects should consider a similar holistic approach when designing structural interventions to address food insecurity and extreme poverty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980015002207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,6]],"date-time":"2015-08-06T03:33:17Z","timestamp":1438831997000},"page":"1296-1304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Making progress towards food security: evidence from an intervention in three rural districts of Rwanda"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Vincent","family":"Nsabuwera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bethany","family":"Hedt-Gauthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Khogali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Edginton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sven G","family":"Hinderaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie Paul","family":"Nisingizwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean de Dieu","family":"Tihabyona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Sikubwabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Sembagare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoinette","family":"Habinshuti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Drobac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980015002207_ref15","volume-title":"Food Consumption Analysis: Calculation and Use of the Food Consumption Score in Food Consumption and Food Security Analysis. 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