{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T12:33:12Z","timestamp":1775824392063,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]],"date-time":"2016-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464912000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016001191_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Routine high-dose Fe supplementation in non-anaemic pregnant women may induce oxidative stress and eventually affect birth outcomes. The aim of the present study was to measure oxidative stress markers in pregnant women with low\/normal and high Hb values in trimester 1 (Hb<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>) and to relate these to birth weight.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016001191_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional study where selected oxidative stress markers were analysed in both maternal (trimester 1; T1) and cord blood samples and correlated with birth weight.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016001191_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>A tertiary hospital in urban South India.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016001191_abs4\" sec-type=\"subjects\"><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred women were chosen based on their Hb<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> values (forty women with low\/normal Hb<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (&lt;110 g\/l) and sixty women with high Hb<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (\u2265120 g\/l)).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016001191_abs5\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In T1, women with high Hb<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> values were found to have lower paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity (424\u00b77 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 163\u00b77) <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. 532\u00b79 (<jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc> 144\u00b77) pmol <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-nitrophenol formed\/min per ml plasma, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b7002) and higher lipid peroxides compared with women with low\/normal Hb<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>. Routine supplementation of Fe to these women resulted in persistent lower PON-1 activity in cord blood (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b702) and directionally lower (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b7142) birth weights. Furthermore, women with high Hb<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> who delivered low-birth-weight babies were observed to have lowest PON-1 activity in T1. No changes were observed in other markers (myeloperoxidase activity and total antioxidant levels).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016001191_abs6\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Routine Fe supplementation in pregnant women with high Hb<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> associated with increased oxidative stress, as reflected by low PON-1 activity in T1, could potentially lead to deleterious effects on birth weight.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980016001191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T23:00:55Z","timestamp":1464908455000},"page":"3210-3215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Oxidative stress during early pregnancy and birth outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lisha","family":"Shastri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajkumar S","family":"Pammal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Indu","family":"Mani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tinku","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anura V","family":"Kurpad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980016001191_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2012.01.004"},{"key":"S1368980016001191_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.112.056382"},{"key":"S1368980016001191_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.107532"},{"key":"S1368980016001191_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs0840407"},{"key":"S1368980016001191_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.1977.tb01564.x"},{"key":"S1368980016001191_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2008.00972.x"},{"key":"S1368980016001191_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-012-1578-z"},{"key":"S1368980016001191_ref12","first-page":"100","article-title":"Purification of human serum paraoxonase\/arylesterase. 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