{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T01:38:46Z","timestamp":1775093926883,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1472515200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016002111_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To characterize the epidemiology of wasting and identify the main predictors of wasting, severe wasting and poor weight-for-height in children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016002111_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analysed a nationally representative sample of 2028 children (Multiple Indicator Survey, 2010).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016002111_abs3\" sec-type=\"general\"><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Royal Kingdom of Bhutan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016002111_abs4\" sec-type=\"subjects\"><jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children aged 0\u201323 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016002111_abs5\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wasting prevalence was significantly higher among infants aged 0\u201311 months than among children aged 12\u201323 months (12\u00b70 <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. 6\u00b77 %; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b7004) and among boys than girls (11\u00b70 <jats:italic>v<\/jats:italic>. 7\u00b75 %; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0\u00b704). Children from the Western region had 63 % higher odds of being wasted than children from the Central\/Eastern regions (adjusted OR (AOR)=1\u00b763; 95 % CI 1\u00b714, 2\u00b734). Poor feeding practices were among the most significant predictors of wasting and severe wasting. Children who were given prelacteal feeds in the first days of life had 2\u00b75 times higher odds of being severely wasted than those who were not (AOR=2\u00b749; 95 % CI 1\u00b719, 5\u00b719); inadequate complementary feeding in children aged 0\u201323 months was associated with 58 % higher odds of being wasted (AOR=1\u00b758; 95 % CI 1\u00b702, 2\u00b747) and 2\u00b73 times higher odds of being severely wasted (AOR=2\u00b728; 95 % CI 1\u00b713, 4\u00b758). The association of poor infant feeding practices with wasting and severe wasting was particularly significant in infants (0\u201311 months).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980016002111_abs6\" sec-type=\"conclusions\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Programmes for the detection and treatment of severely wasted children need to prioritize very young children (0\u201311 months), particularly in the Western region. Programmes for the prevention of wasting need to prioritize the improvement of complementary foods and feeding practices in children aged 6\u201323 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980016002111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]],"date-time":"2016-08-30T06:59:29Z","timestamp":1472540369000},"page":"315-324","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Determinants of child wasting in Bhutan. Insights from nationally representative data"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"V\u00edctor M","family":"Aguayo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Badgaiyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laigden","family":"Dzed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12168"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref28","volume-title":"Indicators for Assessing Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices (Part I): Definitions","year":"2008"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.154922"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref17","first-page":"5895","article-title":"Infant and young child feeding practices in Ethiopia and Zambia and their association with child nutrition. Analysis of demographic and health survey data","volume":"12","author":"Ali","year":"2012","journal-title":"Afr J Food Agric Nutr Dev"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-12-151"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref7","volume-title":"Strategies for Ensuring Adequate Nutrient Intake for Infants and Young Children during the Period of Complementary Feeding. AandT Technical Brief","author":"Dewey","year":"2013"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60937-X"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref26","volume-title":"WHO Child Growth Standards and the Identification of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Infants and Children. A Joint Statement by WHO and UNICEF","year":"2009"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60650-3"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12036"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265090302S210"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref10","volume-title":"Bhutan Multiple Indicator Survey 2010","year":"2011"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref14","volume-title":"Essential Nutrition Actions. Improving Maternal, Newborn, Infant and Child Health and Nutrition","year":"2012"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref25","volume-title":"Special Focus on Government Experiences of Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) Scale Up. Field Exchange issue 43","year":"2012"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980012001073"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61690-0"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13136"},{"key":"#cr-split#-S1368980016002111_ref24.1","unstructured":"1. Jimenez M & Stone-Jimenez M (2014) Preventing moderate acute malnutrition"},{"key":"#cr-split#-S1368980016002111_ref24.2","unstructured":"2. (MAM) through nutrition-specific interventions. CMAM Forum Technical Brief. http:\/\/www.cmamforum.org\/Pool\/Resources\/Nutrition-specific-MAM-prevention-CMAM-Forum-Technical-Brief-Sept-2014-.pdf (accessed December 2015)."},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12069"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12070"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60996-4"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2011.00349.x"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13160"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13811-1"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/PHN20062005"},{"key":"S1368980016002111_ref4","volume-title":"Associations between Wasting and Stunting. Policy, Programming and Research Implications. 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