{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T00:20:47Z","timestamp":1768436447263,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]],"date-time":"2019-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562284800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]],"date-time":"2019-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562284800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec sec-type=\"as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study investigated the risks and benefits of routine Fe\u2013folic acid (IFA) supplementation in pregnant women living in low- and high-groundwater-Fe areas in Bangladesh.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"as2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A case-controlled prospective longitudinal study design was used to compare the effect of daily Fe (60\u00a0mg) and folic acid (400 \u03bcg) supplementation for 3\u00b75 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"as3\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A rural community in Bangladesh.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"as4\"><jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant women living in low-groundwater-Fe areas (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> 260) and high-groundwater-Fe areas (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> 262).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"as5\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mean Hb and serum ferritin concentrations at baseline were significantly higher in pregnant women in the high-groundwater-Fe areas. After supplementation, the mean change in Hb concentration in the women in the low-groundwater-Fe areas (0\u00b710 mg\/dl) was higher than that in the pregnant women in the high-groundwater-Fe areas (\u20130\u00b708 mg\/dl; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7052). No significant changes in the prevalence of anaemia or Fe deficiency (ID) in either group were observed after IFA supplementation; however, the prevalence of Fe-deficiency anaemia (IDA) decreased significantly in the women in the low-groundwater-Fe areas. The risk of anaemia, ID and IDA after supplementation did not differ significantly between the groups. None of the participants had Fe overload. However, a significant proportion of the women in the high- and low-groundwater-Fe areas remained anaemic and Fe-deficient after supplementation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"as6\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>IFA supplementation significantly increased the Hb concentration in pregnant women living in the low-groundwater-Fe areas. Routine supplementation with 60 mg Fe and 400 \u03bcg folic acid does not pose any significant risk of haemoconcentration or Fe overload. Further research to identify other nutritional and non-nutritional contributors to anaemia is warranted to prevent and treat anaemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980019001617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,5]],"date-time":"2019-07-05T08:06:45Z","timestamp":1562314005000},"page":"2844-2855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of routine iron\u2013folic acid supplementation among rural pregnant women living in low- and high-groundwater-iron areas in Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Faruk","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moududur Rahman","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ireen 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