{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:05:26Z","timestamp":1787317526389,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588896000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S136898001900510X_as1\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ), a widely used instrument that has been validated mostly in high-income countries, has limitations in its factorial validity when used among different cultures. This study examines whether the CEBQ instrument is culturally appropriate and valid to be used in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) in a setting where child undernutrition remains prevalent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S136898001900510X_as2\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study employed a qualitative process to validate the content of items relative to the culture and setting, which was followed by a survey to test the psychometric properties of the instrument. Tests of factorial validity, convergent validity and reliability were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S136898001900510X_as3\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three different socio-economic settings of Yogyakarta, Indonesia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S136898001900510X_as4\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The participants of this study were mothers of children aged 25\u201360 months. In-depth interviews were conducted with twenty-four mothers and the questionnaire validation process involved 238 mothers in the survey.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S136898001900510X_as5\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A Confirmatory Factor Analysis model with eight subscales provided the best fit (root-mean-square error of approximation = 0\u00b7048 (90 % CI 0\u00b7040, 0\u00b7057); Comparative Fit Index = 0\u00b795 and Tucker Lewis Index = 0\u00b795) after three new items and eight items from the original CEBQ were removed. Convergent validity with child\u2019s weight was found for two subscales, slowness in eating and satiety responsiveness. Reliability measured using Cronbach\u2019s alpha provided values between 0\u00b762 and 0\u00b778.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S136898001900510X_as6\" sec-type=\"other\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The original eight-factor structure of the CEBQ showed adequate content validity and provided factorial, discriminant and convergent validity with mothers of preschool children living in a LMIC where child nutrition remains a significant public health issue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s136898001900510x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T05:41:43Z","timestamp":1588916503000},"page":"1931-1938","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A cultural adaptation and validation of a child eating behaviour measure in a low- and middle-income 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