{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:56:24Z","timestamp":1790682984736,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593734400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020000543_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the associations of dietary diversity with anaemia and iron status among primary school-aged children in South Africa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020000543_as2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>An analysis was conducted with pooled individual data from the baseline surveys from three previously conducted independent intervention studies. Two different dietary diversity scores (DDS) were calculated based on data from 1-day (1-d) and 3-day (3-d) dietary recall periods, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the associations of dietary diversity with anaemia and iron status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020000543_as3\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>KwaZulu-Natal and North West provinces, South Africa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020000543_as4\"><jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> 578) 5- to 12-year-old.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020000543_as5\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>A DDS \u2264 4 was associated with higher odds of being anaemic (1-d <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7001; 3-d <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7006) and being iron deficient (ID) (3-d <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0\u00b7001). For both recall periods, consumption of \u2018vegetables and fruits other than vitamin A-rich\u2019 and \u2018animal-source foods (ASF)\u2019 was associated with lower odds of being anaemic (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7002), and \u2018organ meats\u2019 with lower odds of being ID (1-d <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7045; 3-d <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0\u00b7001). Consumption of \u2018meat, chicken and fish\u2019 was associated with lower odds of being anaemic (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7045), and \u2018vegetables and fruits other than vitamin A-rich\u2019, \u2018legumes, nuts and seeds\u2019 and \u2018ASF\u2019 with lower odds of being ID for the 3-d recall period only (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7038, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7020 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0\u00b7003, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020000543_as6\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to improve anaemia and iron status among primary school-aged children, dietary diversification, with emphasis on consumption of vegetables, fruits and ASF (including organ meats), should be promoted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980020000543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,3]],"date-time":"2020-07-03T09:22:45Z","timestamp":1593768165000},"page":"2554-2562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Associations of dietary diversity with anaemia and iron status among 5- to 12-year-old schoolchildren in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6173-0651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Visser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tertia","family":"Van Zyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna 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