{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:54:27Z","timestamp":1788396867188,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020002372_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the gestational weight gain (GWG) trajectory and its possible association with pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020002372_as2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>GWG trajectories were identified using the latent class growth model. Binary logistic regression was performed to examine the associations between adverse pregnancy outcomes and these trajectories.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020002372_as3\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020002372_as4\"><jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two thousand one hundred ninety-three pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020002372_as5\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three GWG trajectories were identified: \u2018Group 1 \u2013 slow initial GWG but followed by drastic GWG\u2019, \u2018Group 2 \u2013 maintaining rate of GWG at 0\u00b758 kg\/week\u2019 and \u2018Group 3 \u2013 maintaining rate of GWG at 0\u00b738 kg\/week\u2019. Group 1 had higher risk of postpartum weight retention (PWR) (adjusted OR (AOR) 1\u00b702, 95 % CI 1\u00b701, 1\u00b704), caesarean delivery (AOR 1\u00b703, 95 % CI 1\u00b701, 1\u00b704) and having low birth weight (AOR 1\u00b704, 95 % CI 1\u00b702, 1\u00b705) compared with group 3. Group 2 was at higher risk of PWR (AOR 1\u00b718, 95 % CI 1\u00b716, 1\u00b721), preterm delivery (AOR 1\u00b703, 95 % CI 1\u00b701, 1\u00b705) and caesarean delivery (AOR 1\u00b702, 95 % CI 1\u00b701, 1\u00b703), but at lower risk of having small-for-gestational-age infants (AOR 0\u00b797, 95 % CI 0\u00b796, 0\u00b799) compared with group 3. The significant associations between group 1 and PWR were observed among non-overweight\/obese women; between group 1 and caesarean delivery among overweight\/obese women; group 2 with preterm delivery and caesarean delivery were only found among overweight\/obese women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980020002372_as6\"><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher GWG as well as increasing GWG trajectories was associated with higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Promoting GWG within the recommended range should be emphasised in antenatal care to prevent the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980020002372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T08:01:22Z","timestamp":1597910482000},"page":"3304-3314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Rate of gestational weight gain trajectory is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0454-641X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heng Yaw","family":"Yong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zalilah","family":"Mohd 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