{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:27:37Z","timestamp":1787502457672,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980021002007_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The excessive growth of the food supplements\u2019 industry highlights the need to focus attention on all aspects involved in their proper consumption; one that takes centre stage is advertising. The aim of this research is to analyse the presence of false and misleading claims in food supplements advertising. To this end, a relationship is established between the different types of health-related claims and the substances on which they are based, whether authorised or not by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980021002007_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This empirical work conducts a content analysis of all radio mentions broadcast throughout 2017 on news\/talk radio stations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980021002007_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980021002007_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All radio mentions broadcast on news\/talk commercial radio stations in Spain with the highest audience levels. The corpus is composed of 437 advertisements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980021002007_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results indicate that 80\u00b73 % of function claims included in the analysed advertisements are not authorised by EFSA, while 20\u00b74 % of disease claims are not allowed by EU regulation. Likewise, almost half of the substances referred to (43\u00b77 %) are illicit: 54\u00b71 % in function claims, 57\u00b73 % in disease claims and 73\u00b77 % in the case of reduction of disease risk claims.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980021002007_as6\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This work reveals consistent failures to comply with European regulation on food supplements advertising. The widespread use of unauthorised health claims and substances is aggravated by the indirect recourse of illness as a persuasive argument, descriptions of alleged benefits as product attributes and the omission of essential information. This leads to dangerous misinformation and can pose serious health risks. Stronger legal mechanisms are needed for effective consumer protection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980021002007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T01:31:12Z","timestamp":1620696672000},"page":"5156-5165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["False and misleading health-related claims in food supplements on Spanish radio: an analysis from a European Regulatory Framework"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1344-8731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Muela-Molina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2655-440X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salvador","family":"Perell\u00f3-Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6956-6008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Garc\u00eda-Arranz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980021002007_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2008.0323","article-title":"A content analysis of the quantity and accuracy of dietary supplement information found in magazines with high adolescent readership","volume":"15","author":"Shaw","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Altern Complement Med"},{"key":"S1368980021002007_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodpol.2012.06.001"},{"key":"S1368980021002007_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00913367.2003.10639135"},{"key":"S1368980021002007_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1992.03490080082029"},{"key":"S1368980021002007_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2017.03.036"},{"key":"S1368980021002007_ref26","first-page":"375","article-title":"Disclaimers in dietary supplement print advertising: the bodybuilding category as a model case for change","volume":"62","author":"Soller","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Drug LJ"},{"key":"S1368980021002007_ref21","unstructured":"21. 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European Parliament and Council (2000) Directive 2000\/13\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 March 2000 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the labelling, presentation and advertising of foodstuffs. https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/PDF\/?uri=CELEX:32000L0013&from=EN (accessed April 2018)."}],"container-title":["Public Health Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1368980021002007","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T07:19:49Z","timestamp":1640762389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1368980021002007\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1368980021002007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1368980021002007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1368-9800","1475-2727"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1368-9800","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2727","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. 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