{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T07:13:52Z","timestamp":1780384432559,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650585600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1368980022000970_as1\"><jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ready to eat fried liver meat balls (LMB) were developed to fight anaemia and vitamin A deficiency and promote cognitive function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980022000970_as2\"><jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Randomised controlled trial consisting of two arms: control group with no supplement and LMB group receiving LMB supplement three times a week for 90 d. Criteria of evaluations included dietary assessment, anthropometric measurements, laboratory investigations and cognitive function by Wechsler test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980022000970_as6\"><jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Kinder Garten and primary school in Urban Giza.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980022000970_as3\"><jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty boys and girls aging 3\u20139 years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980022000970_as4\"><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>The LMB supplement contributed to significant increases in the intakes of high bioavailable Fe and vitamin A in the diets of all children. Initial overall prevalence of mild and moderate anaemia was 43 %, which disappeared completely from all children aging &lt; 72 months and from 88 % of children \u2265 72 months after the 90 d dietary intervention with the LMB. Faecal systemic immune globulin A, urinary hydroxyproline index and urinary iodine excretion increased significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) only after the dietary intervention with the LMB supplement for 90 d. The standard scores of verbal and non-verbal cognitive function tests (\u0394 day 90\u2013day 0) increased significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0\u00b705) among the LMB group compared with the respective changes observed among the control group. The increase in height-for-age Z score and blood Hb were good predictors for improvement in cognitive function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1368980022000970_as5\"><jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title><jats:p>LMB supplement is effective sustainable nutritious biotherapeutic food in fighting hidden hunger and promoting the cognitive function.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980022000970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]],"date-time":"2022-04-22T10:01:08Z","timestamp":1650621668000},"page":"3182-3194","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Development and evaluating the biopotency of ready to eat liver meat balls in fighting anaemia and vitamin A deficiency, improving selected nutritional biochemical indicators and promoting the cognitive function among mildly anaemic Egyptian children aged 3\u20139 years"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Rania","family":"Bassouni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0319-3197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laila Abbas","family":"Hussein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Monir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashraf A","family":"Abd El-Meged","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/56.3.565"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.06.009"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref30","first-page":"83","article-title":"Creatinine determination according to Jaffe-what does it stand for?","volume":"4","author":"Delanghe","year":"2011","journal-title":"NDT Plus"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.171702"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602776"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000315528"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.156067"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref24","first-page":"1","article-title":"Composition of Foods Integrated Dataset (CoFID)","author":"McCance","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Data Ranks"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep16670"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000177696"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gfs.2019.100325"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref43","first-page":"179","article-title":"Haematological effects of vitamin A deficiency among Egyptians pupils from the rural","volume":"7","author":"Elnaggar","year":"1982","journal-title":"Egypt J Haematol"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/156482659801900404"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12010049"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114514001160"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref22","volume-title":"Software for Assessing Growth and Development of the World\u2019s Children","year":"2006"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147741"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012058570-0\/50008-2"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00036846.2018.1537476"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.4101"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajae\/aay053"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref10","first-page":"CD010187","article-title":"Fortification of maize flour with iron for controlling anaemia and iron deficiency in populations","volume":"12","author":"Garcia-Casal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref32","volume-title":"Methods for Measuring Iodine Urine","year":"1993"},{"key":"S1368980022000970_ref1","unstructured":"1. 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