{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:43:38Z","timestamp":1790729018375,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678060800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Public Health Nutr."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980023000411_as1\">\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore patterns of post-malnutrition growth (PMGr) during and after treatment for severe malnutrition and describe associations with survival and non-communicable disease (NCD) risk 7 years post-treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980023000411_as2\">\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six indicators of PMGr were derived based on a variety of timepoints, weight, weight-for-age z-score and height-for-age z-score (HAZ). Three categorisation methods included no categorisation, quintiles and latent class analysis (LCA). Associations with mortality risk and seven NCD indicators were analysed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980023000411_as3\">\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Secondary data from Blantyre, Malawi between 2006 and 2014.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980023000411_as4\">\n                    <jats:title>Participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cohort of 1024 children treated for severe malnutrition (weight-for-length z-score &lt; 70 % median and\/or MUAC (mid-upper arm circumference) &lt; 110 mm and\/or bilateral oedema) at ages 5\u2013168 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980023000411_as5\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Faster weight gain during treatment (g\/d) and after treatment (g\/kg\/day) was associated with lower risk of death (adjusted OR 0\u00b799, 95 % CI 0\u00b799, 1\u00b700; and adjusted OR 0\u00b791, 95 % CI 0\u00b787, 0\u00b794, respectively). In survivors (mean age 9 years), it was associated with greater hand grip strength (0\u00b702, 95 % CI 0\u00b700, 0\u00b703) and larger HAZ (6\u00b762, 95 % CI 1\u00b731, 11\u00b79), both indicators of better health. However, faster weight gain was also associated with increased waist:hip ratio (0\u00b702, 95 % CI 0\u00b701, 0\u00b703), an indicator of later-life NCD risk. The clearest patterns of association were seen when defining PMGr based on weight gain in g\/d during treatment and using the LCA method to describe growth patterns. Weight deficit at admission was a major confounder.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1368980023000411_as6\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A complex pattern of benefits and risks is associated with faster PMGr. Both initial weight deficit and rate of weight gain have important implications for future health.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980023000411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T05:06:21Z","timestamp":1678079181000},"page":"1658-1670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Post-malnutrition growth and its associations with child survival and non-communicable disease risk: a secondary analysis of the Malawi \u2018ChroSAM\u2019 cohort"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8452-0198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natasha","family":"Lelijveld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sioned","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1497-1778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth","family":"Anujuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abena S","family":"Amoah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8155-4117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charles","family":"Opondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5711-8200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim J","family":"Cole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0411-8025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan CK","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6781-7646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debbie","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3501-0025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimberley","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2592-1327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mubarek","family":"Abera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melkamu","family":"Berhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3745-7317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marko","family":"Kerac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"CHANGE study collaborators group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1368980023000411_ref17","volume-title":"Long-Term Effects of Severe Acute Malnutrition on Growth, Body Composition, and Function; 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