{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T05:55:52Z","timestamp":1794376552294,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":190,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>One of the oldest models of schizophrenia is based on the effects of serotonergic hallucinogens such as mescaline, psilocybin, and (+)-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), which act through the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor. These compounds produce a \u2018model psychosis\u2019 in normal individuals that resembles at least some of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Based on these similarities, and because evidence has emerged that the serotonergic system plays a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia in some patients, animal models relevant to schizophrenia have been developed based on hallucinogen effects. Here we review the behavioural effects of hallucinogens in four of those models, the receptor and neurochemical mechanisms for the effects and their translational relevance. Despite the difficulty of modelling hallucinogen effects in nonverbal species, animal models of schizophrenia based on hallucinogens have yielded important insights into the linkage between 5-HT and schizophrenia and have helped to identify receptor targets and interactions that could be exploited in the development of new therapeutic agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1461145713000722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,13]],"date-time":"2013-08-13T12:57:48Z","timestamp":1376398668000},"page":"2165-2180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Serotonergic hallucinogens as translational models relevant to schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Adam L.","family":"Halberstadt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Geyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420041774.ch6","article-title":"Serotonin receptors as argets of antipsychotic medication","volume-title":"Neurotransmitter receptors in actions of antipsychotic medications","author":"Abi-Dargham","year":"2000"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-979354","article-title":"The NMDA antagonist model for schizophrenia: promise and pitfalls","volume":"31","author":"Abi-Saab","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref3","unstructured":"Addex (2012) Addex Reports Top-line Data from a Successful Phase 2a Clinical Study with ADX71149 in Schizophrenia Patients. http:\/\/www.addextherapeutics.com\/investors\/press-releases\/news-details\/article\/addex-reports-top-line-data-from-a-successful-phase-2a-clinical-study-with-adx71149-in-schizophrenia\/ Accessed 27May2013."},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1959.03590050037003","article-title":"Influence of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) on subjective time","volume":"1","author":"Aronson","year":"1959","journal-title":"AMA Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/01.fbp.0000189810.69425.89","article-title":"Effects of 5-HT2A receptor stimulation on the discrimination of durations by rats","volume":"17","author":"Asgari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Behav Pharmacol"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2010.35","article-title":"Serotonin 2A receptors and visual hallucinations in Parkinson disease","volume":"67","author":"Ballanger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(77)90117-4","article-title":"Wet-dog\u2019 shake behavior in the rat: a possible quantitative model of central 5-hydroxytryptamine activity","volume":"16","author":"Bedard","year":"1977","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.107.035170","article-title":"A selective positive allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 2 blocks a hallucinogenic drug model of psychosis","volume":"72","author":"Benneyworth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02896052","article-title":"Experimentelle Psychosen durch Mescalin","volume":"84","author":"Beringer","year":"1923","journal-title":"Z Ges Neurol Psychiat"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-11451-3","article-title":"Der Meskalinrausch","volume-title":"Seine Geschiehte und Erseheinungsweise","author":"Beringer","year":"1927"},{"key":"2019101113485654700_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1957.02330390103013","article-title":"Effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) on the time sense of normals; 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