{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T10:10:27Z","timestamp":1780654227413,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]],"date-time":"2014-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1390348800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Prim Health Care Res Dev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"S1463423613000558_abs1\" sec-type=\"general\">\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine what diagnostic terms are utilized by general\n                            practitioners (GPs) when seeing patients with mixed emotional and\n                            physical symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1463423613000558_abs2\" sec-type=\"general\">\n                    <jats:title>Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prototype cases of depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis,\n                            somatization and undifferentiated somatoform disorders were sourced from\n                            the psychiatric literature and the author\u2019s clinical practice. These\n                            were presented, in paper form, to a sample of GPs and GP registrars who\n                            were asked to provide a written diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1463423613000558_abs3\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-two questionnaires were returned (30% response rate). The\n                            depression and anxiety cases were identified correctly by most\n                            participants. There was moderate identification of the hypochondriasis\n                            and somatization disorder cases, and poor identification of the\n                            undifferentiated somatoform case.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1463423613000558_abs4\" sec-type=\"conclusion\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Somatization and undifferentiated somatoform disorders were\n                            infrequently recognized as diagnostic categories by the GPs in this\n                            study. Future research into the language and diagnostic reasoning\n                            utilized by GPs may help develop better diagnostic classification\n                            systems for use in primary care in this important area of\n                            practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1463423613000558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]],"date-time":"2014-01-22T10:08:55Z","timestamp":1390385335000},"page":"207-213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mixed emotional and physical symptoms in general practice: what diagnoses\n                        do GPs use to describe them?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Louise","family":"Stone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sydney"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.1.90"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1001\/archfami.3.9.774","article-title":"Physical symptoms in primary care: predictors of psychiatric disorders and functional impairment","volume":"3","author":"Kroenke","year":"1994","journal-title":"Archives of Family Medicine"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00241-6","article-title":"Depressive and anxiety disorders in patients presenting with physical complaints: clinical predictors and outcome","volume":"103","author":"Kroenke","year":"1997","journal-title":"The American Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morriss, R. , Lindson, N. , Coupland, C. , Dex, G.\n                            and Avery, A. 2012: Estimating the prevalence of medically unexplained\n                            symptoms from primary care records. 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An alternative to undifferentiated somatoform disorder for the somatizing patient in primary care","volume":"54","author":"Kroenke","year":"1997","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815b003d","article-title":"Evolution of psychosomatic diagnosis in DSM","volume":"69","author":"Oken","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.56021\/9780801868405","volume-title":"Descriptions and prescriptions: values, mental disorders and the DSMs","author":"Sadler","year":"2002"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.114.4.494","article-title":"Diagnostic categories or dimensions? A question for the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders \u2013 fifth edition","volume":"114","author":"Widiger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2009.03.005","article-title":"The proposed diagnosis of somatic symptom disorders in DSM-V to replace somatoform disorders in DSM-IV \u2013 a preliminary report","volume":"66","author":"Dimsdale","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.162.5.847","article-title":"Somatoform disorders: time for a new approach in DSM-V","volume":"162","author":"Mayou","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/01.psy.0000149279.10978.3e","article-title":"Exploration of DSM-IV critieria in primary care patients with medically unexplained symptoms","volume":"67","author":"Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-30","volume-title":"From paralysis to fatigue: a history of psychosomatic illness in the modern era","author":"Shorter","year":"1992"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2007.01146.x"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.184.6.465","article-title":"Somatoform disorders: a help or hindrance to good patient care?","volume":"184","author":"Sharpe","year":"2004","journal-title":"The British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815afbe4"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2008.tb02180.x","article-title":"Somatic symptoms, hypochondriasis and psychological distress: a study of somatisation in Australian general practice","volume":"189","author":"Clarke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2011.01.007","article-title":"The prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms in primary care","volume":"52","author":"Steinbrecher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-24","first-page":"193","article-title":"Recent criticism of psychiatric nosology: a review","volume":"1","author":"Radden","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philosophy, Psychiatry, and Psychology"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.49.5.369"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.psy.43.1.1"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-8343(02)00247-5","article-title":"The somatization in primary care study: a tale of three diagnoses","volume":"25","author":"Dickinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"General Hospital Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-23","first-page":"57","volume-title":"Advancing DSM. Dilemmas in psychiatric diagnosis","author":"Phillips","year":"2003"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(03)00623-8","article-title":"What can we learn from a cross-national study of somatic distress?","volume":"56","author":"Gureje","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.01.015","article-title":"Towards positive diagnostic criteria: a systematic review of somatoform disorder diagnoses and suggestions for future classification","volume":"68","author":"Voigt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Psychosomatic Research"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.154.7.989","article-title":"Somatization in cross-cultural perspective: a World Health Organization study in primary care","volume":"154","author":"Gureje","year":"1997","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/ppp.2007.0026"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31802e46eb"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815b00c4"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-27","first-page":"917","article-title":"Diagnosis of somatisation: effect of an educational intervention in a cluster randomised controlled trial. [see comment]","volume":"53","author":"Rosendal","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of General Practice"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815b001a","article-title":"The association or otherwise of the functional somatic syndromes","volume":"69","author":"Kanaan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2010.01.015"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wollburg, E. , Voigt, K. , Braukhaus, C. , Herzog, A.\n                            and L\u00f6we, B. 2012: Construct validity and descriptive validity of\n                            somatoform disorders in light of proposed changes for the DSM-5. Journal\n                            of Psychosomatic Research.","DOI":"10.1037\/e585112013-001"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-33","author":"Spitzer","year":"1994"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815b006e","article-title":"Stability of somatoform symptoms \u2013 implications for classification","volume":"69","author":"Rief","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychosomatic Medicine"},{"key":"S1463423613000558_manual_ref-35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31815b5cf6","article-title":"What is the evidence for the efficacy of treatments for somatoform disorders? 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