{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T19:39:58Z","timestamp":1792870798421,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]],"date-time":"2012-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1341360000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Anim. Health. Res. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The tonsil of the soft palate in pigs is a secondary lymphoid tissue that provides a first line of defense against foreign antigens entering by the mouth or nares. It has been known for a long time to be the site of colonization of important swine and zoonotic bacterial pathogens. Initially our understanding of microbes present at this site came from culture-based studies. Very recently, sequence-based approaches have been used to identify the core microbiome of the swine tonsil. Although animal to animal and herd to herd variation was detected in these studies, &gt;90 of the organisms detected belonged to the phyla\n                    <jats:italic>Proteobacteria<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Members of the family\n                    <jats:italic>Pasteurellaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    appeared to be predominate in the tonsil; however, the relative proportions of\n                    <jats:italic>Actinobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Haemophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Pasteurella<\/jats:italic>\n                    varied. Members of the families\n                    <jats:italic>Moraxellaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, Veillonellaceae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and Neisseriaceae were also seen as frequent residents of the tonsil.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1466252312000102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]],"date-time":"2012-07-04T20:46:57Z","timestamp":1341434817000},"page":"110-120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["The microbiome of the soft palate of swine"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Shaun","family":"Kernaghan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adina R.","family":"Bujold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet I.","family":"MacInnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref055","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2427(99)00118-X"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref053","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2009.08.003"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref052","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.11.005"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.61.1007"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005870317757"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-008-1565-4"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2012.00928.x"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(98)01346-2"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-38"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1361"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.307.5717.1899"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref038","first-page":"106","article-title":"Microbiological identification and analysis of swine tonsils collected from carcasses at slaughter","volume":"75","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1466252311000120"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17943","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017943","article-title":"Slaughterhouse pigs are a major reservoir of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 capable of causing human infection in southern Vietnam","volume":"6","author":"Ngo","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-7-79"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(93)90093-M"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.10.015"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-011-0022-z"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref029","first-page":"242","article-title":"Prevalence of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Actinobacillus suis, Haemophilus parasuis, Pasteurella multocida, and Streptococcus suis in representative Ontario swine herds","volume":"72","author":"MacInnes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-20"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.06.025"},{"key":"S1466252312000102_ref025","unstructured":"Kernaghan S , Ojha S , Slavic D , Chen S , Poljak Z and MacInnes JI (2011). Bacterial community profiling of tonsils from diseased pigs using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. 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