{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T06:24:53Z","timestamp":1759991093339,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607904000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pall Supp Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"S1478951520001327_sec_a1\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite improving survival rates, people with advanced cancer face several physical and psychosocial concerns. Leisure-time physical activity (LPA) has been found to be beneficial after cancer diagnosis, but little is known about the current state of research exploring LPA in advanced cancer. Our objectives were to (a) map the literature examining LPA in people with advanced cancer, (b) report on the terms used to describe the advanced cancer population within the literature, and (c) examine how the concept of LPA is operationalized within the literature.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1478951520001327_sec_a2\" sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our scoping review followed Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. We performed a search of 11 electronic databases and supplementary sources (February 2018; database search updated January 2020). Two reviewers independently reviewed and selected articles according to the inclusion criteria: English-language journal articles on original primary research studies exploring LPA in adults diagnosed with advanced cancer. Descriptive and thematic analyses were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1478951520001327_sec_a3\" sec-type=\"results\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety-two articles met our criteria. Most included studies were published in the last decade (80%) and used quantitative methods (77%). Many study populations included mixed (40%), breast (21%), or lung (17%) cancers. Stages 3\u20134 or metastatic disease were frequently indicated to describe study populations (77%). Several studies (68%) described LPA programs or interventions. Of these, 78% involved structured aerobic\/resistance exercise, while 16% explored other LPA types.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"S1478951520001327_sec_a4\"><jats:title>Significance of results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review demonstrates a recent surge in research exploring LPA in advanced cancer, particularly studies examining exercise interventions with traditional quantitative methods. There remains insufficient knowledge about patient experiences and perceptions toward LPA. Moreover, little is known about other leisure activities (e.g., Tai Chi, dance, and sports) for this population. To optimize the benefits of LPA in people with advanced cancer, research is needed to address the gaps in the current literature and to develop personalized, evidence-based supportive care strategies in cancer care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1478951520001327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]],"date-time":"2020-12-14T07:19:07Z","timestamp":1607930347000},"page":"615-630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A scoping review of studies exploring leisure-time physical activity in adults diagnosed with advanced cancer"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2701-3867","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirin M.","family":"Shallwani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie-Christine","family":"Ranger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roanne","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Brosseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Poitras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindsey","family":"Sikora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judy","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref91","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1123"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref109","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-018-4619-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref64","DOI":"10.1188\/14.ONF.E44-E55"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref118","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0220314"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2006.08.009"},{"unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (2007). NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. Available at: https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-terms?cdrid=478743.","key":"S1478951520001327_ref79"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref95","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-019-04710-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref37","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.4290"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-018-4524-3"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref94","DOI":"10.1177\/082585970001600306"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2005.03618.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref67","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0220-x"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref83","article-title":"Effects of a wearable technology-based physical activity intervention on sleep quality in breast cancer survivors: The ACTIVATE Trial","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Cancer Survivorship"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref112","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref76","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735415583554"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref26","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.12.3075"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref86","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216318794086"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref105","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2017.1422821"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2019.09.010"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref3","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-015-0045-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref97","DOI":"10.12788\/jcso.0177"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref116","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-017-3579-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref42","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e3182399b7e"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1177\/082585971102700406","article-title":"Palliative cancer patients\u2019 experience of physical activity","volume":"27","author":"Guide","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Palliative Care"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref106","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-017-4008-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref14","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.4743"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.008"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref58","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-018-4206-1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref17","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002116"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref40","DOI":"10.1007\/s10464-005-9002-7"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref7","first-page":"OP2000161","article-title":"Young adult experience in an outpatient interdisciplinary palliative care cancer clinic","author":"Avery","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCO Oncology Practice"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2019.04.005"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref104","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-017-1677-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref27","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-008-0461-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref69","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/80.5.459"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref32","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-48"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref90","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.9.s1.s11"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref111","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.46.7993"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref93","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.12.4180"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref2","DOI":"10.1188\/12.CJON.293-300"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref5","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref108","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-009-0110-5"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref114","DOI":"10.1080\/09699260.2015.1123441"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref22","DOI":"10.12968\/ijpn.2016.22.3.111"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref48","first-page":"CD011129","article-title":"Early palliative care for adults with advanced cancer","volume":"6","author":"Haun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref62","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-5-69"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref100","DOI":"10.3747\/co.24.3376"},{"unstructured":"Canadian Cancer Society (2018). Canadian Cancer Statistics. A 2018 special report on cancer incidence by stage. Available at: https:\/\/www.cancer.ca\/~\/media\/cancer.ca\/CW\/publications\/Canadian Cancer Statistics special report\/Canadian-Cancer-Statistics-2018-EN.pdf.","key":"S1478951520001327_ref19"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2009.02.010"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref102","DOI":"10.1080\/10833196.2019.1582201"},{"unstructured":"Canadian Cancer Society (2017). Advanced cancer. Available at: https:\/\/www.cancer.ca\/~\/media\/cancer.ca\/CW\/publications\/Advanced%20cancer\/32043-1-NO.pdf.","key":"S1478951520001327_ref18"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.06.011"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2006.10.006"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref10","DOI":"10.1921\/095182410X490322"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2017.07.015"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2019.102218"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPC.IJPC_95_17","article-title":"Effects of yoga in managing fatigue in breast cancer patients: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"23","author":"Vadiraja","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Palliative Care"},{"unstructured":"Canadian Cancer Society (2019). Canadian Cancer Statistics 2019. Available at: http:\/\/www.cancer.ca\/~\/media\/cancer.ca\/CW\/publications\/Canadian Cancer Statistics\/Canadian-Cancer-Statistics-2019-EN.pdf.","key":"S1478951520001327_ref20"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2016.04.004"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref84","first-page":"217","article-title":"Effects of Qigong on quality of life, fatigue, stress, neuropathy, and sexual function in women with metastatic breast cancer: A feasibility study","volume":"2","author":"Oh","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref15","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-559"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref55","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735419864431"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref73","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-015-2828-0"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2016.10.022"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref31","DOI":"10.1111\/nuf.12296"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2016.06.018"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref49","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-017-3827-0"},{"volume-title":"Theory at a Glance: A Guide for Health Promotion Practice","year":"2005","author":"Glanz","key":"S1478951520001327_ref43"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref66","first-page":"27","article-title":"Physical activity as a supportive care intervention in palliative cancer patients: A systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Lowe","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Supportive Oncology"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref34","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12014"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref13","first-page":"CD007103","article-title":"Dance\/movement therapy for improving psychological and physical outcomes in cancer patients","volume":"2015","author":"Bradt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref41","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e70"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref16","DOI":"10.1080\/02701367.2019.1687808"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref99","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2014.996661"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref51","DOI":"10.1188\/06.ONF.719-725"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2011.01323.x"},{"unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (2017). Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Cancer Stat Facts. Available at: https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/statfacts\/.","key":"S1478951520001327_ref81"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref72","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5090"},{"unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (2020). NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. Available at: https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-terms?cdrid=478743.","key":"S1478951520001327_ref82"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref9","DOI":"10.3138\/physio.61.3.141"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref110","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5103"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref39","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2016.70.1474"},{"volume-title":"Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer's Manual","year":"2017","author":"Peters","key":"S1478951520001327_ref89"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref96","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPC.IJPC_102_17"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref6","DOI":"10.1177\/1534735416679516"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref103","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0214846"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref119","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.26056"},{"unstructured":"National Cancer Institute (2014). Coping with advanced cancer. Available at: https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/patient-education\/advancedcancer.pdf.","key":"S1478951520001327_ref80"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref44","first-page":"18","article-title":"The Godin-Shephard leisure-time physical activity questionnaire","volume":"4","author":"Godin","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Health and Fitness Journal of Canada"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref65","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-04231-7_15"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref85","DOI":"10.1017\/S1478951509990460"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4741.2009.00739.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref87","DOI":"10.1080\/11038128.2016.1225815"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref61","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-015-2699-4"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref53","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860701418846"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref52","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200106001-00005"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref63","DOI":"10.17226\/18359"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-018-0032-6"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref56","DOI":"10.1080\/02841860701316057"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref98","DOI":"10.3233\/WOR-2010-0998"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S36","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199706001-00009","article-title":"Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire","volume":"29","author":"Shephard","year":"1997","journal-title":"Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref30","first-page":"487","article-title":"Physical activity in patients with advanced-stage cancer actively receiving chemotherapy","volume":"5","author":"Clark","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Supportive Oncology"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref8","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs207"},{"unstructured":"Grimshaw, JM (2010). A guide to knowledge synthesis: A knowledge synthesis chapter. Available at: http:\/\/www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca\/e\/documents\/knowledge_synthesis_chapter_e.pdf","key":"S1478951520001327_ref46"},{"key":"S1478951520001327_ref24","first-page":"126","article-title":"Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research","volume":"100","author":"Caspersen","year":"1985","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref60","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-013-2018-x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref54","DOI":"10.1159\/000358157"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref113","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013719"},{"unstructured":"ESMO Palliative Care Working Group (2011). A guide for patients with advanced cancer. Available at: https:\/\/www.esmo.org\/content\/download\/6932\/132781\/1.","key":"S1478951520001327_ref38"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref70","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-0889"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref12","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.11.3465S"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref68","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216319888989"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref4","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-4505-6-7"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref117","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-014-0378-y"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2019.07.005"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref88","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.33.1744"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2011.08.009"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref71","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-017-3978-z"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"S1478951520001327_ref77","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097"}],"container-title":["Palliative and Supportive Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1478951520001327","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,3]],"date-time":"2022-03-03T13:23:36Z","timestamp":1646313816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S1478951520001327\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"references-count":119,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1478951520001327"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1478951520001327","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-9515","1478-9523"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1478-9515"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1478-9523"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}