{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T22:54:40Z","timestamp":1783032880925,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pall Supp Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1478951524001135_sec1a\">\n\t    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Coping styles can be improved by dyadic palliative care interventions and may alleviate patients\u2019 and family caregivers\u2019 distress. Moreover, family caregivers\u2019 preloss resilience protects against depression after bereavement. This study aimed to determine the types of coping styles can be encouraged to increase resilience.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1478951524001135_sec2b\" sec-type=\"methods\">\n\t    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>A self-reported questionnaire survey was administered to family caregivers at the 4 palliative care units, and their resilience was assessed using the Connor\u2013Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and their coping styles were assessed using the Brief Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced, as well as their background characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1478951524001135_sec3c\" sec-type=\"results\">\n\t    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>Among 291 caregivers with a mean CD-RISC score of 56.2 (standard deviation: 16.13), internal locus of control, educational level, and history of psychotropic drug use were associated with resilience. After adjusting for the aforementioned factors, more frequent use of positive coping styles such as active coping (Spearman\u2019s \u03c1 = 0.29), acceptance (\u03c1 = 0.29), positive reframing (\u03c1 = 0.29), planning (\u03c1 = 0.24), and humor (\u03c1 = 0.18), was found to be associated with higher resilience. On the contrary, more frequent use of negative coping styles such as behavioral disengagement (\u03c1 = \u22120.38), self-blame (\u03c1 = \u22120.27), and denial (\u03c1 = \u22120.14) was found to be associated with less resilience.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>\n\t  <jats:sec id=\"S1478951524001135_sec4d\">\n\t    <jats:title>Significance of results<\/jats:title>\n\t    <jats:p>By assessing internal locus of control, educational level, and history of psychotropic medication use of family caregivers, as factors associated with their respective resilience, may help identify less resilient family caregivers who are at risk for developing major depression after bereavement. In addition, coping skill-based educational interventions targeting patients and their family caregivers that focus on specific coping styles associated with resilience may increase family caregivers\u2019 resilience, resulting in less emotional distress and a lower risk of major depression after bereavement.<\/jats:p>\n\t  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1478951524001135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T04:48:13Z","timestamp":1729658893000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Resilience and coping styles in family caregivers of terminally ill patients: A cross-sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5154-090X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoichi","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akitoshi","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isseki","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomofumi","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayuko","family":"Takano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maho","family":"Aoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kento","family":"Masukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitsunori","family":"Miyashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1478951524001135_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049909117741110"},{"key":"S1478951524001135_ref8","first-page":"76","article-title":"Development of a new resilience scale: The ConnorDavidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). 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Published by Cambridge University Press.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that no alterations are made and the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use and\/or adaptation of the article.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e12"}}