{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T01:48:36Z","timestamp":1791856116270,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":285,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pall Supp Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1478951526103836_sec1a\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Advance care planning (ACP) engagement remains low among culturally and linguistically diverse populations, including immigrant communities, where cultural norms, family expectations, and migration may shape attitudes toward healthcare decision-making. Although Thai immigrants represent a growing population in Australia, little is known about how migration influences their perceptions of and readiness for ACP. This study aimed to explore how Thai immigrants in Australia perceive and engage in ACP within a new social and healthcare context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1478951526103836_sec2b\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative descriptive phenomenological study was conducted in Victoria, Australia. Seventeen Thai immigrants were recruited through purposive and snowball sampling via Thai community networks. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in Thai or English, audio-recorded, transcribed, translated, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis informed by phenomenological techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1478951526103836_sec3c\" sec-type=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four key themes were constructed through reflexive thematic analysis of the interviews: (1) the \u201cold Thai way,\u201d characterized by family-centered decision-making, deference to authority, and avoidance of death-related discussions; (2) migration as a disruptive force, with exposure to autonomy-based healthcare prompting reflection and adaptation; (3) tension between cultural values, highlighting challenges in balancing filial obligation with individual autonomy; and (4) reconstructing belief systems, wherein participants developed hybrid identities, integrating Thai and Australian values.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"S1478951526103836_sec4d\">\n                    <jats:title>Significance of results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Migration disrupts traditional Thai norms surrounding family roles, communication, and decision-making, thereby reshaping how participants understand and approach readiness for ACP. Thai immigrants reinterpret family roles, faith, and autonomy within a new cultural context, emphasizing the need for culturally responsive ACP approaches that respect family influence, indirect communication, and the role of community mediators.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1017\/s1478951526103836","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T01:20:01Z","timestamp":1791854401000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Migration as a transformative force shaping beliefs about and readiness for advance care planning among Thai immigrants in Australia: A qualitative exploration"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5479-0728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawita","family":"Limsomwong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0575ycz84","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Prince of Songkla University - Hat Yai Campus"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001kjn539","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"St Vincent\u2019s Hospital, University of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Collins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001kjn539","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"St Vincent\u2019s Hospital, University of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hudson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St Vincent\u2019s Hospital and The University of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supakorn","family":"Sripaew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0575ycz84","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Prince of Songkla University - Hat Yai Campus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Philip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001kjn539","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"St Vincent\u2019s Hospital, University of Melbourne"},{"name":"St Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref34","unstructured":"Victorian Government (2024) Thai community profile. https:\/\/www.vic.gov.au\/thai-community-profile (accessed 27 May 2026 )."},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref2","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics (2025) 2021 People in Australia who were born in Thailand: Census QuickStats. https:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/census\/find-census-data\/quickstats\/2021\/5104_AUS (accessed 12 August 2025 )."},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1043659609340803"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref17","first-page":"110","article-title":"The future of family support for Thai elderly: Views of the populace","volume":"21","author":"Knodel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Population and Social Studies"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref18","first-page":"618","article-title":"Completion of advance directives among Korean American and non-Hispanic white older adults","volume":"32","author":"Ko","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Aging and Health"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/45.5.634"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genealogy9010018"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref21","first-page":"97","volume-title":"The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research","author":"Lincoln","year":"2011"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30582-X"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03530100060035"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c1345"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31128\/AJGP-06-18-4613"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2005.11.026"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref30","first-page":"515","article-title":"Cultural diversity at the end of life: Issues and guidelines for family physicians","volume":"71","author":"Searight","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-153-4-201008170-00008"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019330"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-025-09707-z"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-23658-4"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12134-024-01178-1"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16710"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12904-020-0535-1"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.23.2993"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc11096"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref3","first-page":"5","article-title":"Immigration, acculturation and adaptation","volume":"46","author":"Berry","year":"1997","journal-title":"Applied Psychology"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02692163241284088"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2018.07.006"},{"key":"S1478951526103836_ref25","unstructured":"National Health Commission Office (n.d.) 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Published by Cambridge University Press.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}],"article-number":"e264"}}