{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T13:39:22Z","timestamp":1791725962790,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2506,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"DOI":"10.1017\/s1751731114002055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,11]],"date-time":"2014-09-11T06:23:44Z","timestamp":1410416624000},"page":"1945-1954","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Effects of feeding level and NDF content of grass-clover silages on chewing activity, fecal particle size and NDF digestibility in dairy heifers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"A.K.S.","family":"Schulze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.R.","family":"Weisbjerg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"N\u00f8rgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib001","series-title":"NorFor - The Nordic feed evaluation system. EAAP Publication No. 130","first-page":"41","article-title":"Feed analyses and digestion methods","author":"\u00c5kerlind","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3063","DOI":"10.2527\/1996.74123063x","article-title":"Physical constraints on voluntary intake of forages by ruminants","volume":"74","author":"Allen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib003","unstructured":"Association of Official Analytical Chemists 2012. Official Methods of Analysis, 19th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MD, USA."},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1981.5261371x","article-title":"Efficiency of mastication in relation to hay intake by cattle","volume":"52","author":"Bae","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-6226(12)80005-4","article-title":"Influence of stage of maturity of grass silages on digestion processes in dairy cows. 1. Composition, nylon bag degradation rates, fermentation characteristics, digestibility and intake","volume":"32","author":"Bosch","year":"1992","journal-title":"Livestock Production Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(82)82367-9","article-title":"Feed intake, apparent diet digestibility, and rate of particulate passage in dairy cattle","volume":"65","author":"Colucci","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(93)77333-6","article-title":"Evaluation of physical structure. 1. Grass silage","volume":"76","author":"De Boever","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3156","article-title":"Relationships between chewing behavior, digestibility, and digesta passage kinetics in steers fed oat hay at restricted and ad libitum intakes","volume":"89","author":"Dias","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib009","unstructured":"European Community 1971. Methods of analysis of the components of feeding-stuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities First commission directive of 15 June 1971 establishing Community methods of analysis for the official control of feeding-stuffs (71\/250\/EEC), pp. 480\u2013505."},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3699","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2007-0644","article-title":"Evaluation of equations to predict dry matter intake of dairy heifers","volume":"91","author":"Hoffman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5133","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2011-4963","article-title":"Nutrient demand interacts with grass maturity to affect milk fat concentration and digestion responses in dairy cows","volume":"95","author":"Kammes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731112002388","article-title":"Effect of harvest time of red and white clover silage on chewing activity and particle size distribution in boli, rumen content and faeces in cows","volume":"7","author":"Kornfelt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0013","first-page":"16","article-title":"Determination of digestibility of different forages in dairy cows using indigestible NDF as marker","volume":"57","author":"Lund","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(97)76075-2","article-title":"Creating a system for meeting the fiber requirements of dairy cows","volume":"80","author":"Mertens","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/85.6.1217","article-title":"Gravimetric determination of amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber in feeds with refluxing in beakers or crucibles: collaborative study","volume":"85","author":"Mertens","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of AOAC International"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1080\/09064700701440447","article-title":"Effect of harvest time on fermentation profiles of maize ensiled in laboratory silos and determination of drying losses at 60 degrees C","volume":"57","author":"Nielsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.22358\/jafs\/73769\/2004","article-title":"A new method for recording mastication during eating and ruminating in sheep","volume":"13","author":"N\u00f8rgaard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0018","series-title":"Modelling nutrient digestion and utilisation in farm animals","first-page":"112","article-title":"A new Nordic evaluation system for diets fed to dairy cows: a meta analysis","author":"N\u00f8rgaard","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0019","series-title":"NorFor - The Nordic feed evaluation system. EAAP publication No. 130","first-page":"127","article-title":"Chewing index system for predicting physical structure of the diet","author":"N\u00f8rgaard","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.2527\/1991.6983435x","article-title":"Effects of feed intake on particle distribution, passage of digesta, and extent of digestion in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle","volume":"69","author":"Okine","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1591(96)01145-8","article-title":"Stereotypies in heifers are affected by feeding regime","volume":"53","author":"Redbo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Applied Animal Behaviour Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.2527\/2002.8071986x","article-title":"Digestive processes of dairy cows fed silages harvested at four stages of grass maturity","volume":"80","author":"Rinne","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0023","first-page":"251","article-title":"Discriminant analysis of pattern of jaw movement during rumination and eating in a cow","volume":"49","author":"Schleisner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Agriculturae Scandinavia"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0034","article-title":"Evaluation of physical structure value in spring-harvested grass\/clover silage and hay fed to heifers","author":"Schulze","year":"2014","journal-title":"Animal"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2013-7326","article-title":"Forage fiber effects on particle size reduction, ruminal stratification and selective retention in heifers fed highly digestible grass\/clover silages","volume":"92","author":"Schulze","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/41.4.629","article-title":"The use of chromic oxide as an index for determining the digestibility of a diet","volume":"50","author":"Sch\u00fcrch","year":"1950","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(88)79720-9","article-title":"Influence of feed intake, forage physical form, and forage fiber content on particle size of masticated forage, ruminal digesta, and feces of dairy cows","volume":"71","author":"Shaver","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2494.1963.tb00335.x","article-title":"A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops","volume":"18","author":"Tilley","year":"1963","journal-title":"Journal of the British Grassland Society"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0028","first-page":"781","article-title":"Collaborative study of acid detergent fibre and lignin","volume":"56","author":"Van Soest","year":"1973","journal-title":"Association of Official Analytical Chemists"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3583","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2","article-title":"Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition","volume":"74","author":"Van Soest","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(71)86048-4","article-title":"Logarithmic normal distribution for description of sieved forage materials","volume":"54","author":"Waldo","year":"1971","journal-title":"Journal of Dairy Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1982.544885x","article-title":"Rumination, particle size and passage from the rumen","volume":"54","author":"Welch","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731114002055_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021859600087347","article-title":"Cell wall characteristics in relation to forage digestion by ruminants","volume":"122","author":"Wilson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural Science"}],"container-title":["Animal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1751731114002055?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1751731114002055?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1751731114002055","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T23:20:50Z","timestamp":1761693650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1751731114002055"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}},"alternative-id":["S1751731114002055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1751731114002055","relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-7311"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-7311","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effects of feeding level and NDF content of grass-clover silages on chewing activity, fecal particle size and NDF digestibility in dairy heifers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Animal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1751731114002055","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 The Animal Consortium. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}