{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T08:10:46Z","timestamp":1791015046194,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]],"date-time":"2017-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483228800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1418,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Animal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"DOI":"10.1017\/s1751731116002330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,8]],"date-time":"2016-11-08T03:26:54Z","timestamp":1478575614000},"page":"991-999","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Increased dietary protein in the second trimester of gestation increases live weight gain and carcass composition in weaner calves to 6 months of age"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"G.G.","family":"Miguel-Pacheco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.D.","family":"Curtain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Rutland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Knott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.T.","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.J.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.E.A.","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Morphometry of the placental exchange areas","volume":"53","author":"Baur","year":"1977","journal-title":"Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref2","first-page":"401","article-title":"Placental transport of nutrients and its implications for fetal growth","volume":"54","author":"Bell","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Reproduction and Fertility"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1670429","article-title":"Maternal nutrition alters the expression of insulin-like growth factors in fetal sheep liver and skeletal muscle","volume":"167","author":"Brameld","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1190043","article-title":"Plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin in the infant calf: ontogeny and influence of altered nutrition","volume":"119","author":"Breier","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1071\/EA05225","article-title":"Influences of nutrition during pregnancy and lactation on birthweights and growth to weaning of calves sired by Piedmontese and Wagyu bulls","volume":"46","author":"Cafe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1071\/AN14278","article-title":"Fetal programming in 2-year-old calving heifers: peri-conception and first trimester protein restriction alters fetal growth in a gender-specific manner","volume":"54","author":"Copping","year":"2014","journal-title":"Animal Production Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2008.150987","article-title":"Peri-implantation and late gestation maternal undernutrition differentially affect fetal sheep skeletal muscle development","volume":"586","author":"Costello","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14390","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0603836103","article-title":"Endogenous retroviruses regulate periimplantation placental growth and differentiation","volume":"103","author":"Dunlap","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref9","first-page":"481","article-title":"Growth hormone and the insulin-like growth factor system in myogenesis","volume":"17","author":"Florini","year":"1996","journal-title":"Endocrine Reviews"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:19990510","article-title":"Contractile differentiation of foetal cattle muscles: intermuscular variability","volume":"39","author":"Gagniere","year":"1999","journal-title":"Reproduction, Nutrition and Development"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/0739-7240(94)90005-1","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-II expression in developing skeletal muscle of double muscled and normal cattle","volume":"11","author":"Gerrard","year":"1994","journal-title":"Domestic Animal Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref12","first-page":"183","article-title":"Consequences of nutrition and growth retardation early in life for growth and composition of cattle and eating quality of beef","volume":"15","author":"Greenwood","year":"2005","journal-title":"Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition in Australia"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1071\/EA05240","article-title":"Long-term consequences of birth weight and growth to weaning on carcass, yield and beef quality characteristics of Peidmontese- and Wagyu-sired cattle","volume":"46","author":"Greenwood","year":"2006","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0125694","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125694","article-title":"Gestational dietary protein is associated with sex specific decrease in blood flow, fetal heart growth and post-natal blood pressure of progeny","volume":"10","author":"Hernandez-Medrano","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1071\/EA9890165","article-title":"Reliability of three sites for measuring fat depth on the beef carcass","volume":"29","author":"Hopkins","year":"1989","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1071\/EA9940435","article-title":"Comparison of the prediction of carcass components using fat thickness measurements in heifers and steers","volume":"34","author":"Johnson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.53.030191.001245","article-title":"Regulators of angiogenesis","volume":"53","author":"Klagsbrun","year":"1991","journal-title":"Annual Review of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.6.7.16005","article-title":"Maternal dietary protein affects transcriptional regulation of myostatin gene distinctively at weaning and finishing stages in skeletal muscle of Meishan pigs","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1672","article-title":"Effects of early gestational undernutrition on fetal growth, organ development, and placentomal composition in the bovine","volume":"87","author":"Long","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1977.442189x","article-title":"Relation between growth rate, serum somatomedin and plasma testosterone in young bulls","volume":"44","author":"Lund-Larsen","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2006-337","article-title":"Effects of dam nutrition on growth and reproductive performance of heifer calves","volume":"85","author":"Martin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2010.05.017","article-title":"Nutrient intake in the bovine during early and mid-gestation causes sex-specific changes in progeny plasma IGF-I, liveweight, height and carcass traits","volume":"121","author":"Micke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2014.10.022","article-title":"Maternal endocrine adaptation throughout pregnancy to nutrient manipulation: consequences for sexually dimorphic programming of thyroid hormones and development of their progeny","volume":"83","author":"Micke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-10-0332","article-title":"Heifer nutrient intake during early- and mid-gestation programs adult offspring adiposity and mRNA expression of growth-related genes in adipose depots","volume":"141","author":"Micke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2010.10.018","article-title":"Protein intake during gestation affects postnatal bovine skeletal muscle growth and relative expression of IGF1, IGF1R, IGF2 and IGF2R","volume":"332","author":"Micke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.08.006","article-title":"Dystocia in 3-year-old beef heifers; relationship to maternal nutrient intake during early- and mid-gestation, pelvic area and hormonal indicators of placental function","volume":"118","author":"Micke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2009.03.010","article-title":"Heifer nutrition during early- and mid-pregnancy alters fetal growth trajectory and birth weight","volume":"117","author":"Micke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1071\/EA9630119","article-title":"The pattern of dry matter and nutrient content changes in native pastures at Katherine, N.T","volume":"3","author":"Norman","year":"1963","journal-title":"Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.domaniend.2004.06.007","article-title":"Basic principles of muscle development and growth in meat-producing mammals as affected by the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system","volume":"27","author":"Oksbjerg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Domestic Animal Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9960167","article-title":"Fetal insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II are regulated differently by glucose or insulin in the sheep fetus","volume":"8","author":"Oliver","year":"1996","journal-title":"Reproduction, Fertility and Development"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(02)00069-6","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor levels during pregnancy in the cow are affected by protein supplementation in the maternal diet","volume":"72","author":"Perry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(98)00157-2","article-title":"Low dietary protein during early pregnancy alters bovine placental development","volume":"55","author":"Perry","year":"1999","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2004.11.005","article-title":"Myogenesis in sheep is altered by maternal feed intake during the peri-conceptal period","volume":"87","author":"Quigley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Animal Reproduction Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.2527\/1995.7361839x","article-title":"Utero-placental vascular development and placental function","volume":"73","author":"Reynolds","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:19930103","article-title":"Myosin expression in semitendinosus muscle during fetal development of cattle: immunocytochemical and electrophoretic analyses","volume":"33","author":"Robelin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Reproduction, Nutrition, Development"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.2000.0602","article-title":"Maternal food restriction reduces the exchange surface area and increases the barrier thickness of the placenta in the guinea-pig","volume":"22","author":"Roberts","year":"2001","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.2001.0702","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a bovine blastocyst-derived trophoblastic cell line, BT-1: development of a culture system in the absence of feeder cell","volume":"22","author":"Shimada","year":"2001","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3304","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1753","article-title":"Dietary protein during gestation affects maternal IGF, IGFBP, leptin concentrations, and fetal growth in heifers","volume":"87","author":"Sullivan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2009.03.018","article-title":"Dietary protein during gestation affects placental development in heifers","volume":"72","author":"Sullivan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Theriogenology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2009.01.008","article-title":"Dietary protein during gestation affects circulating indicators of placental function and fetal development in heifers","volume":"30","author":"Sullivan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1871","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2014-8297","article-title":"Impact of supplemental protein source offered to primiparous heifers during gestation on II. Progeny performance and carcass characteristics","volume":"93","author":"Summers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2505-5","article-title":"Adipose tissue and fetal programming","volume":"55","author":"Symonds","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2004366","article-title":"Timing of nutrient restriction and programming of fetal adipose tissue development","volume":"63","author":"Symonds","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod62.2.235","article-title":"Bovine blastocyst-derived trophectoderm and endoderm cell cultures: interferon tau and transferrin expression as respective in vitro markers","volume":"62","author":"Talbot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref45","first-page":"E917","article-title":"Maternal obesity downregulates myogenesis and {beta}-catenin signaling in fetal skeletal muscle","volume":"296","author":"Tong","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2006-805","article-title":"Effect of early gestational undernutrition on angiogenic factor expression and vascularity in the bovine placentome","volume":"85","author":"Vonnahme","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Animal Science"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.30.1.23","article-title":"Practical stereological methods for morphometric cytology","volume":"30","author":"Weibel","year":"1966","journal-title":"The Journal of Cell Biology"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00215761","article-title":"Trinucleate cells and the ultrastructural localisation of bovine placental lactogen","volume":"247","author":"Wooding","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cell and Tissue Research"},{"key":"10.1017\/S1751731116002330_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2006.04.005","article-title":"Maternal nutrient restriction upregulates growth signalling pathways in the cotyledonary artery of cow placentomes","volume":"28","author":"Zhu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Placenta"}],"container-title":["Animal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1751731116002330?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1751731116002330?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S1751731116002330","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T23:27:07Z","timestamp":1761694027000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1751731116002330"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017]]}},"alternative-id":["S1751731116002330"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1751731116002330","relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-7311"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-7311","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Increased dietary protein in the second trimester of gestation increases live weight gain and carcass composition in weaner calves to 6 months of age","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Animal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1751731116002330","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2016 The Animal Consortium. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}