{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T23:59:14Z","timestamp":1784246354914,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,29]],"date-time":"2012-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1330473600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Dev Orig Health Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Preterm birth affects over 12% of all infants born in the United States; yet the biology of early delivery remains unclear, including whether epigenetic mechanisms are involved. We examined associations of maternal and umbilical cord blood long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) DNA methylation with length of gestation and odds of preterm birth in singleton pregnancies in Project Viva. In white blood cells from maternal blood during first trimester (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 914) and second trimester (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 922), and from venous cord blood at delivery (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 557), we measured LINE-1 by pyrosequencing [expressed as %5 methyl cytosines within the LINE-1 region analyzed (%5mC)]. We ran linear regression models to analyze differences in gestation length, and logistic models for odds of preterm birth (&lt;37 <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> \u2a7e37 weeks\u2019 gestation), across quartiles of LINE-1. Mean (<jats:sc>s.d.<\/jats:sc>) LINE-1 levels were 84.3 (0.6), 84.5 (0.4) and 84.6 (0.7) %5mC for first trimester, second trimester and cord blood, respectively. Mean (<jats:sc>s.d.<\/jats:sc>) gestational age was 39.5 (1.8) weeks, and 6.5% of infants were born preterm. After adjustment for maternal age, race\/ethnicity, body mass index, education, smoking status and fetal sex, women with the highest <jats:italic>v.<\/jats:italic> lowest quartile of first trimester LINE-1 had longer gestations [0.45 weeks (95% CI 0.12, 0.78)] and lower odds of preterm birth [OR 0.40 (0.17, 0.94)], whereas associations with cord blood LINE-1 were in the opposite direction (\u22120.45 weeks, \u22120.83, \u22120.08) and [OR 4.55 (1.18, 17.5)]. In conclusion, higher early pregnancy LINE-1 predicts lower risk of preterm birth. In contrast, preterm birth is associated with lower LINE-1 in cord blood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s2040174412000104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,29]],"date-time":"2012-02-29T13:15:15Z","timestamp":1330521315000},"page":"173-181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Associations of long interspersed nuclear element-1 DNA methylation with preterm birth in a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"H. H.","family":"Burris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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