{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:05:51Z","timestamp":1773288351750,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]],"date-time":"2016-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482364800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dev Orig Health Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>It has been demonstrated that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can program increase cardiometabolic risk. There are also evidences of the correlation between IUGR with low-grade inflammation and, thus can contribute to development of several <jats:italic>cardiometabolic comorbidities<\/jats:italic>. Therefore, we investigated the influence of IUGR on circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)\/Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and TNF-\u03b1 expression in adult offspring. Considering that the aerobic training has anti-inflammatory actions, we also investigated whether aerobic training would improve these inflammatory factors. Pregnant Wistar rats received <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> or 50% of <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> diet throughout gestation. At 8 weeks of age, male offspring from both groups were randomly assigned to control, trained control, restricted and trained restricted. Aerobic training protocol was performed on a treadmill and after that, we evaluated circulating mtDNA, cardiac protein expression of TLR9, plasma and cardiac TNF-\u03b1 levels, and left ventricle (LV) mass. We found that IUGR promoted an increase in the circulating mtDNA, TLR9 expression and plasma TNF-\u03b1 levels. Further, our results revealed that aerobic training can restore mtDNA\/TLR9 content and plasma levels of TNF-\u03b1 among restricted rats. The cardiac TNF-\u03b1 content and LV mass were not influenced either by IUGR or aerobic training. In conclusion, IUGR can program mtDNA\/TLR9 content, which may lead to high levels of TNF-\u03b1. However, aerobic training was able to normalize these alterations. These findings evidenced that the association of IUGR and aerobic training seems to exert an important interaction effect regarding pro-inflammatory condition and, aerobic training may be used as a strategy to reduce deleterious adaptations in IUGR offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s2040174416000714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,22]],"date-time":"2016-12-22T10:14:53Z","timestamp":1482401693000},"page":"236-243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Intrauterine growth restriction increases circulating mitochondrial DNA and Toll-like receptor 9 expression in adult offspring: could aerobic training counteract these adaptations?"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"V.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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