{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T10:53:23Z","timestamp":1768820003891,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":182,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]],"date-time":"2018-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522108800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dev Orig Health Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Well-controlled intrauterine development is an essential condition for many aspects of normal adult physiology and health. This process is disrupted by poor maternal nutrition status during pregnancy. Indeed, physiological adaptations occur in the fetus to ensure nutrient supply to the most vital organs at the expense of the others, leading to irreversible consequences in tissue formation and differentiation. Evidence indicates that maternal undernutrition in early life promotes changes in key hormones, such as glucocorticoids, growth hormones, insulin-like growth factors, estrogens and androgens, during fetal development. These alterations can directly or indirectly affect hormone release, hormone receptor expression\/distribution, cellular function or tissue organization, and impair tissue growth, differentiation and maturation to exert profound long-term effects on the offspring. Within the male reproductive system, maternal protein malnutrition alters development, structure, and function of the gonads, testes and prostate gland. Consequently, these changes impair the reproductive capacity of the male offspring. Further, permanent alterations in the prostate gland occur at the molecular and cellular level and thereby affect the onset of late life diseases such as prostatitis, hyperplasia and even prostate cancer. This review assembles current thoughts on the concepts and mechanisms behind the developmental origins of health and disease as they relate to protein malnutrition, and highlights the effects of maternal protein malnutrition on rat prostate development and homeostasis. Such insights on developmental trajectories of adult-onset prostate disease may help provide a foundation for future studies in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s2040174418000168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]],"date-time":"2018-03-27T09:13:08Z","timestamp":1522141988000},"page":"361-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Maternal protein malnutrition: effects on prostate development and adult disease"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"J. C.","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. A. A.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. T.","family":"Colombelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Birch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. S.","family":"Prins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"L. A.","family":"Justulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. L.","family":"Felisbino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2015"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25075","article-title":"Increased risk of high-grade prostate cancer among infertile men","volume":"116","author":"Walsh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/eem.11.20"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/88.16.1118"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-013-9425-8"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/781703"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2015.04.008"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-121492","article-title":"Testosterone plasma concentration is associated with insulin resistance in male hypertensive patients","volume":"125","author":"Schianca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0804"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.38"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.11.010"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.109.111237"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-014-0463-9"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref154","first-page":"117","article-title":"Prostatitis and andrological implications","volume":"65","author":"Wagenlehner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Minerva Urol Nefrol"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1221216110"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.280057.116"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3220"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9950351"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.20403"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0607"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1761"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/EDR.2001.139"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-08-0984"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2007.10.013"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9030205"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2003.08.018"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0070-2153(03)53002-2"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad9512"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.2008.00278.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref133","first-page":"2123","article-title":"Heparin-binding keratinocyte growth factor is a candidate stromal-to-epithelial-cell andromedin","volume":"6","author":"Yan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.18.12827"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI34241"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref128","first-page":"127","article-title":"The neonatal testosterone surge: a comparative study","volume":"100","author":"Corbier","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arch Int Physiol Biochim Biophys"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod34.5.961"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref126","first-page":"8","article-title":"The mouse prostate: a basic anatomical and histological guideline","volume":"16","author":"Oliveira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bosn J Basic Med Sci"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1215626110"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2010.11"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-1606(02)00031-3"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.136.3.7867585"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35273-4"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-0436.2008.00277.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.130.5.1572313"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2004.12.008"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2001.tb03438.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2013.03.009"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174412000360"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.EHX.0000455270.86179.35"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.1.06712"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgl166"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN2003967"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2013.02.007"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2016.89"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref103","first-page":"81","article-title":"Androgenic effects upon prostatic epithelium are mediated via trophic influences from stroma","volume":"145","author":"Cunha","year":"1984","journal-title":"Prog Clin Biol Res"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8100"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(86)90081-8"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref100","first-page":"IE01","article-title":"The impact of oxidative stress on testicular function and the role of antioxidants in improving it: a review","volume":"11","author":"Asadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174412000360"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000084084"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2009.0121"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-7843.2007.00188.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4320(02)00068-4"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00050.2005"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/aja.2009.69"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0121"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.103903"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2012.01291.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.113.001322"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01662.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2004.03.002"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.8.1613"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.090652"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-2760(02)00666-5"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0166728"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref30","first-page":"11","volume-title":"Nutrient Requirements of the Laboratory Rats","author":"Benevenga","year":"1995"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.11239"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00053.2003"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000052764"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7240.967"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref57","first-page":"69","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in pre-eclampsia","volume":"58","author":"Poston","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref170","first-page":"976","article-title":"Sex hormones, aging, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"4","author":"Barron","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Biosci"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Malnutrition. Retrieved 14 October 2017 from http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/malnutrition\/en\/"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7580.2008.00977.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms16047230"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2387"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref43","first-page":"1128","article-title":"Altered muscle insulin sensitivity in the male offspring of protein-malnourished rats","volume":"271","author":"Ozanne","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2004.06.002"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.22222"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000273066"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.531"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(00)74983-6"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref29","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Handbook of famine, starvation, and nutrient deprivation","author":"Chadio","year":"2017"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-0456"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7270.2007.00327.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0360343"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NT.0000286155.55343.fa"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.9.2775"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.148270"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-016-0418-8"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyt133"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2008.046359"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-255364"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199712000-00029"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e3282f76753"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.1.00033"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1308"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2010.06.039"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD13132"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/60.1.103"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/129.8.1613"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08494"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-814198","article-title":"Effects of undernutrition on serum and testicular testosterone levels and sexual function in adult rats","volume":"36","author":"Santos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2016.12.016"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1159\/000356109","article-title":"Malnutrition and catch-up growth during childhood and puberty","volume":"109","author":"Jee","year":"2014","journal-title":"World Rev Nutr Diet"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000438451"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-1898"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-005-1121-9"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12212"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.10.2582"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-015-0130-0"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfp129"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2013.04.032"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19980033"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.100313"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61690-0"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2014.64"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2004.12.005"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.4.5.293"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.119834"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2016.06.006"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1220205"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-7207(02)00368-4"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.185991"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2008.12.011"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.000620"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1250"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2007.01809.x"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2006.06.062"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20091861"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00076.2009"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114511002686"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/FM.2015.0111"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119703"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18020426"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.04.056"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(97)00193-7"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2004.03.002"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000333477"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref17","first-page":"451","article-title":"Revisiting the Forsdahl-Barker hypothesis","volume":"125","author":"Vangen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S204017441200061X"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91224-A"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref22","first-page":"113","article-title":"Animal models for small for gestational age and fetal programing of adult disease","volume":"68","author":"Vuguin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1386.009"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7115460"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gav003"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111258"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.078543"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2004.06.014"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370215587913"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114599000070"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/cs1030633"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(02)00358-5"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1590341"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612033454856"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref59","volume-title":"Organogenesis in Development","author":"Koopman","year":"2010"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02725"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2017.11.005"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2008.09.010"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2005.08.020"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000147793"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199201000-00011"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000333477"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2006.04.010"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.40.2.S115"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-017-0740-3"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.133.3.8365373"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa044160"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.12.010"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref83","volume-title":"WHO Manual for the Standard Investigation and Diagnosis of the Infertile Couple","author":"Rowe","year":"1993"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref84","first-page":"149","article-title":"Male infertility","volume":"3","author":"Chow","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.126300"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2149"},{"key":"S2040174418000168_ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.102.003269"}],"container-title":["Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2040174418000168","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T10:26:27Z","timestamp":1719915987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2040174418000168\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]]},"references-count":182,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S2040174418000168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s2040174418000168","relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-1744","2040-1752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-1744","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-1752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 2018\u00a0","name":"license","label":"License","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}