{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:53:05Z","timestamp":1790661185641,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582156800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dev Orig Health Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mechanism through which developmental programming of offspring overweight\/obesity following <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> exposure to maternal overweight\/obesity operates is unknown but may operate through biologic pathways involving offspring anthropometry at birth. Thus, we sought to examine to what extent the association between <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> exposure to maternal overweight\/obesity and childhood overweight\/obesity is mediated by birth anthropometry. Analyses were conducted on a retrospective cohort with data obtained from one hospital system. A natural effects model framework was used to estimate the natural direct effect and natural indirect effect of birth anthropometry (weight, length, head circumference, ponderal index, and small-for-gestational age [SGA] or large-for-gestational age [LGA]) for the association between pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index (BMI) category (overweight\/obese vs normal weight) and offspring overweight\/obesity in childhood. Models were adjusted for maternal and child socio-demographics. Three thousand nine hundred and fifty mother\u2013child dyads were included in analyses (1467 [57.8%] of mothers and 913 [34.4%] of children were overweight\/obese). Results suggest that a small percentage of the effect of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI overweight\/obesity on offspring overweight\/obesity operated through offspring anthropometry at birth (weight: 15.5%, length: 5.2%, head circumference: 8.5%, ponderal index: 2.2%, SGA: 2.9%, and LGA: 4.2%). There was a small increase in the percentage mediated when gestational diabetes or hypertensive disorders were added to the models. Our study suggests that some measures of birth anthropometry mediate the association between maternal pre-pregnancy overweight\/obesity and offspring overweight\/obesity in childhood and that the size of this mediated effect is small.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s2040174420000033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]],"date-time":"2020-02-20T14:37:17Z","timestamp":1582209437000},"page":"71-78","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Mediation of the association between maternal pre-pregnancy overweight\/obesity and childhood overweight\/obesity by birth anthropometry"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4321-8355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle R.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Neelon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah N.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger B.","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John E.","family":"Vena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly J.","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3285","article-title":"United States birth weight reference corrected for implausible gestational age estimates","volume":"133","author":"Talge","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics."},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref31","first-page":"19","article-title":"Completeness and accuracy of anthropometric measurements in electronic medical records for children attending primary care","volume":"25","author":"Carsley","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Innov Health Inform."},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000425668.87506.4c"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-017-4427-4"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref19","unstructured":"19. Division of Nutrition Physical Activity and Obesity National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. A SAS program for the 2000 CDC growth charts (ages 0 to <20 years). 2016. Available from https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nccdphp\/dnpao\/growthcharts\/resources\/sas.htm (10 March 2018)."},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061627"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2180-y","article-title":"The diabetic pregnancy and offspring BMI in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"54","author":"Philipps","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetologia."},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2013.00205.x"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-309750"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.08.022"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-015-0696-8"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2016.01.008"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30217-0","article-title":"Maternal obesity 1 Preconceptional and maternal obesity : epidemiology and health consequences","volume":"8587","author":"Poston","year":"2016","journal-title":"LANCET Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2000.00265.x"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.175","article-title":"Maternal weight gain in different periods of pregnancy and childhood cardio-metabolic outcomes. The Generation R Study","volume":"39","author":"Gaillard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)."},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v076.i11"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/117693430700300027"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.094946"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.980169"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.001206"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j1"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref29","unstructured":"29. Fryar, CD , Carroll, MD , Ogden, CL. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents: United States, 1963\u20131965 through 2011\u20132012, 2014. National Center for Health Statistics."},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174418001137"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.121780"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocw123"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.12142"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2015.11.012"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/60.1.5"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000261899"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.217"},{"key":"S2040174420000033_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02725"}],"container-title":["Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2040174420000033","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T05:51:34Z","timestamp":1610603494000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2040174420000033\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S2040174420000033"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s2040174420000033","relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-1744","2040-1752"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-1744","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-1752","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s) 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press and the International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}