{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T08:49:25Z","timestamp":1774946965514,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dev Orig Health Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we investigate if children born following assisted reproduction technologies (ARTs) are at an increased risk for long-term ophthalmic complications. For this purpose, a population-based cohort analysis was conducted which included all deliveries between 1991 and 2014 at a single tertiary medical center. Offspring were classified relative to conception method as ART or spontaneous pregnancies. Offspring hospitalizations up to the age of 18 years involving ophthalmic morbidities were evaluated according to a predefined set of ICD-9 codes. A Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curve was used to compare cumulative hospitalization rates in exposed (ART) and unexposed offspring (spontaneous), and a Cox proportional hazards model was used to control for potential confounders. A total of 243,682 deliveries were included in the study. In that, 1.8% of the deliveries (4364) were of mothers who underwent fertility treatments and 98.2% (239,318) were conceived spontaneously. Offspring born to mothers who underwent fertility treatments had a significantly higher hospitalization rate involving ophthalmic morbidity, as compared to spontaneously conceived offspring (1.2% vs. 1.0%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.04). The Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curve pointed to a significantly higher cumulative incidence of ophthalmic morbidity following ART (log rank <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02). Cox proportional hazards model was adjusted for maternal age, preterm delivery, maternal hypertensive disorders, diabetes, and mode of delivery which demonstrated ART as an independent risk factor for long-term pediatric ophthalmic morbidity (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.37, CI 1.04\u20131.80, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-value = 0.02). We concluded that ART is an independent risk factor for long-term ophthalmic morbidity of the offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s2040174420000938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T07:51:58Z","timestamp":1605858718000},"page":"627-631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Assisted reproductive technology and long-term ophthalmic morbidity of the offspring"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Erez","family":"Tsumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4139-7465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yotam","family":"Lavy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eyal","family":"Sheiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiya","family":"Barrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Avi","family":"Harlev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maayan","family":"Hagbi Bal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Wainstock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/1081597X-20151207-10"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.09.037"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-018-4901-7"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dms044"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des398"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2005.00568.x"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"10. Wainstock, T , Walfisch, A , Shoham-Vardi, I , et al. Fertility treatments and pediatric neoplasms of the offspring: results of a population-based cohort with a median follow-up of 10 years. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2017; 216, 314.e1\u2013314.e14.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.01.015"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref34","first-page":"181","article-title":"Ocular manifestations in infants resulted from Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)","volume":"7","author":"Jafarzadehpur","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Fam Reprod Heal."},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14647270903437923"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.121"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2005.08.002"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60456-5"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv145"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep343"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddp319"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref20","first-page":"197","article-title":"Maternal and neonatal outcomes in multiple pregnancy: a multicentre study in the Beijing population","volume":"1","author":"Su","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chronic Dis Transl Med."},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1439918"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15761\/CMI.1000133"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2011.01.001"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"26. Ferguson-Smith, AC , Bourc\u2019his, D . The discovery and importance of genomic imprinting. eLife. 2018; 7, e42368.","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.42368"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.119.10.1525"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dem046"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.07.1325"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051271"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"28. Zechner, U , Pliushch, G , Schneider, E , et al. Quantitative methylation analysis of developmentally important genes in human pregnancy losses after ART and spontaneous conception. Mol Hum Reprod. 2010; 16, 704\u2013713.","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gap107"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1675159","article-title":"Infertility treatments and long-term neurologic morbidity of the offspring","volume":"36","author":"Levin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol."},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2015.1120717"},{"key":"S2040174420000938_ref1","unstructured":"1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]. Div. Reprod. Heal. Natl. Cent. Chronic Dis. Prev. Heal. 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