{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:24:07Z","timestamp":1787840647022,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649030400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Dev Orig Health Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The \u2018thrifty phenotype\u2019 hypothesis proposed that fetal undernutrition increases risk of diabetes in later life. Undernourished low birthweight Indian babies are paradoxically more adipose compared to well-nourished European babies, and are at higher risk of diabetes in later life. Twin pregnancies are an example of\n                    <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic>\n                    growth restrictive environment due to shared maternal nutrition. There are few studies of body composition in twins. We performed secondary analysis of anthropometric body composition of twins and singletons in Guinea-Bissau, an economically deprived African country.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Anthropometric data were available on 7\u201334 year-old twins (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 209, 97 males) and singletons (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 182, 86 males) in the Guinea-Bissau Twin Registry at the Bandim Health Project. Twins had lower birthweight (2420 vs 3100 g,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001); and at follow-up, lower height (HAZ mean Z-score difference, \u22120.21,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.055), weight (WAZ \u22120.73,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.024) and BMI (BAZ \u22120.22,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.079) compared to singletons but higher adiposity (skinfolds: +0.33 SD,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.001). Twins also had higher fasting (+0.38 SD,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.001) and 2-hour OGTT glucose concentrations (+0.29 SD,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). Linear mixed-effect model accounting for intrapair correlations and interactions confirmed that twins were thinner but fatter across the age range. Data on maternal morbidity and prematurity were not available in this cohort.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>African populations are known to have a muscular (less adipose) body composition. Demonstration of a thin-fat phenotype in twins in a low socio-economic African country supports the thesis that it could be a manifestation of early life undernutrition and not exclusive to Indians. This phenotype could increase risk of diabetes and related conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s2040174422000150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T05:19:48Z","timestamp":1649049588000},"page":"787-793","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Twins in Guinea-Bissau have a \u2018thin-fat\u2019 body composition compared to singletons"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rucha","family":"Wagh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Bjerregaard-Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souvik","family":"Bandyopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pranav","family":"Yajnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashmi B.","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suhas","family":"Otiv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stine","family":"Byberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ditte Egegaard","family":"Hennild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Marciano","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaare","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morten","family":"Sodemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorte M\u00f8ller","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2911-2378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chittaranjan S.","family":"Yajnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e31819d98be"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2005.265"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2290"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15269-5"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00400248"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.4.5.327"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-12-140"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(83)90028-2"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-0420.2007.00803.x"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2015.171"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2014-204998"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2047-6310.2012.00063.x"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref23","volume-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2020"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803679"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref8","first-page":"1","article-title":"The story of the hungry Indian foetus","volume":"40","author":"Yajnik","year":"2019","journal-title":"NFI Bulletin"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020434"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2653"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2009.154"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqaa122"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.12.2422"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/60.1.33"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2016.00145"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-3026"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2128-2"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/476279"},{"key":"S2040174422000150_ref37","unstructured":"37. 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Published by Cambridge University Press in association with International Society for Developmental Origins of Health and Disease","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}