{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T17:02:29Z","timestamp":1791651749978,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624924800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":179,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Homophobia is still a scourge in the modern era. Despite a greater acceptance of sexual variations and same-sex marriage in many countries, homophobia is widely sustained by religious, political and cultural values and beliefs at individual and social level. Most of homophobic attitudes are based on the principle of heteronormativity according to which heterosexuality is the standard for legitimating social and sexual relationships and homosexuality is considered as an abnormal variant. Homophobia may be also recognised at institutional level (state-sponsored homophobia, social homophobia) and supported by laws or religious beliefs. Moreover, internalised homophobia (IH) is defined as the inward direction of societal homophobic behaviours at individual level and refers to the subjective psychological impact of these negative attitudes. In fact, IH is significantly associated with a high prevalence of internalising mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, stress\/trauma-related disorders, etc. We believe that a set of immediate actions are needed in order to contrast homophobia and its impact on mental health, in particular political initiatives, educational trainings and scientific research should be promoted with a specific focus on mental health needs of people target of homophobia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s2045796021000391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T12:21:58Z","timestamp":1624969318000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Homophobia and mental health: a scourge of modern era"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3934-7007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Ventriglio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Mauricio","family":"Castaldelli-Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Torales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico","family":"De Berardis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Bhugra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref12","unstructured":"Longley, C (1981) Homosexuality best seen as a handicap, Dr Runcie says. The Times. London."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref10","unstructured":"ILGA (2009) Lesbian and gay rights in the world. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/ilga.org\/downloads\/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2009.pdf."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref14","unstructured":"Mc Claughlin, E (2016) Under ISIS: where being gay is punished by Death. ABC News. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/abcnews.go.com\/International\/isis-gay%20-punished-death\/story?id=39826182."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/448884"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2010.07.003"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref4","unstructured":"Bruce-Jones, E and Lucas Paoli, I (2011) State-sponsored homophobia. ILGA.org. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/ilga.org\/downloads\/ILGA_State_Sponsored_Homophobia_2011.pdf."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2137286"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(18)30400-0"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref20","unstructured":"Poushter, J and Kent, N (2020) The global divide on homosexuality persists. Pew Research Center, Global Attitudes & Trends. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/global\/2020\/06\/25\/global-divide-on-homosexuality-persists\/."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref22","unstructured":"San Mart\u00edn, I (2019) Pope Francis says homosexual tendencies are not a sin. Crux Now. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/cruxnow.com\/vatican\/2019\/04\/pope-francis-says-homosexual-tendencies-are-not-a-sin\/."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0012844"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412963923"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.13167","article-title":"Under the same rainbow: a study on homophobia and discrimination among private sector health care professionals","volume":"29","author":"Taskiran Eskici","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Nursing Management"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref24","unstructured":"The Vatican (2020) Catechism of the catholic church. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/www.vatican.va\/archive\/ccc_css\/archive\/catechism\/p3s2c2a6.htm."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0002-9432.73.2.167"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105316643378"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref1","volume-title":"The Nature of Prejudice","author":"Allport","year":"1954"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15358590601014646"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988319864775"},{"key":"#cr-split#-S2045796021000391_ref7.1","unstructured":"Grimes, W (2017) George Weinberg dies at 87"},{"key":"#cr-split#-S2045796021000391_ref7.2","unstructured":"coined 'Homophobia' after seeing fear of gays. The New York Times. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/03\/22\/us\/george-weinberg-dead-coined-homophobia.html."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref11","unstructured":"King, J (1976) Holy Bible. King James Version. Thru the Bible Radio. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/www.kingjamesbibleonline.org\/."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315783642"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref9","unstructured":"Horowitz, J (2020) Pope Francis, in shift for church, voices support for same-sex civil unions. The New York Times. Retrieved on 16th March 2021. Available at https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2020\/10\/21\/world\/europe\/pope-francis-same-sex-civil-unions.html; https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110811114947\/http:\/\/ilga.org\/historic\/Statehomophobia\/ILGA_map_2009_A4.pdf."},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-6956-1","article-title":"Homophobia and heteronormativity as dimensions of stigma that influence sexual risk behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) and women (MSMW) in Lima, Peru: a mixed-methods analysis","volume":"19","author":"Perez-Brumer","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref2","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","year":"1980"},{"key":"S2045796021000391_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/socsci4041229"}],"container-title":["Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S2045796021000391","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T12:22:08Z","timestamp":1624969328000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S2045796021000391\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"references-count":27,"alternative-id":["S2045796021000391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s2045796021000391","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7960","2045-7979"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7960","type":"print"},{"value":"2045-7979","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021]]},"article-number":"e52"}}