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Based on the literature, we argue that the incidence of suicide gauges collective optimism in a population and therefore willingness to invest in the future. Using monthly data from Sweden for the years 1973\u20132016, we test the hypothesis that the incidence of suicide among women of child-bearing age correlates inversely with male twin births, an indicator of biological investment in high-risk gestations. We find that, as predicted by our theory, the incidence of suicide at month <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> varies inversely with the ratio of twin to singleton male births at month <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> + 3. Our results illustrate the likely sensitivity of selection in utero to change in the social environment and so the potential for viewing collective optimism as a component of public health infrastructure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2020.2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]],"date-time":"2020-01-27T09:57:56Z","timestamp":1580119076000},"page":"45-50","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Collective Optimism and Selection Against Male Twins in Utero"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ralph A.","family":"Catalano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sidra","family":"Goldman-Mellor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah A.","family":"Karasek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Gemmill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joan A.","family":"Casey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Holly","family":"Elser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim A.","family":"Bruckner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terry","family":"Hartig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15427579jpfm0704_2"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref42","volume-title":"The ghost in the machine","author":"Koestler","year":"1967"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2001.1786"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/etap.12256"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10680-012-9277-y"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-625"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199101000-00006"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2017.12.014"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37795"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7714"},{"key":"S183242742000002X_ref16","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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