{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T14:16:35Z","timestamp":1770905795243,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]],"date-time":"2008-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1229904000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Hist Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among various case studies addressing the reception of relativity, very few deal with Portugal at either the international or the national level. The national literature on the topic has mainly concentrated on the reactions to relativity of the Portuguese mathematical community. The absence of Portuguese astronomers alongside Eddington during the 1919 expedition to Principe, then a Portuguese island, has been implicitly equated with the astronomical community's lack of interest in the event. In reception studies dealing with general relativity, analysis has tended to focus on the physics and mathematics communities, less on the astronomers. Given that relativity was born at the interface of physics, mathematics and astronomy, reactions of members of these scientific communities depended on differences in shared traditions, values, problems and expectations, as well as on individual practitioners' idiosyncrasies. This paper addresses the contributions of the overlooked Portuguese astronomical community, evaluates the actions and reactions of its members to the expedition and assesses their role in the process of appropriation of relativity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007087408001568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]],"date-time":"2008-12-22T14:12:41Z","timestamp":1229955161000},"page":"245-273","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Einstein in Portugal: Eddington's expedition to Principe and the reactions of Portuguese astronomers (1917\u201325)"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"ELSA","family":"MOTA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"PAULO","family":"CRAWFORD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"ANA","family":"SIM\u00d5ES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref012","first-page":"479","article-title":"La Structure de L'Univers","volume":"70","author":"Costa Lobo","year":"1923","journal-title":"O Instituto"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/27757471"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-011-4770-5_1"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asna.19232191706"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref008","first-page":"487","article-title":"O Futuro Eclipse","volume":"52","author":"Oom","year":"1905","journal-title":"O Instituto"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref010","first-page":"511","article-title":"Einstein's theory of gravitation","volume":"39","author":"See","year":"1916","journal-title":"Observatory"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref011","first-page":"611","article-title":"Explica\u00e7\u00e3o F\u00edsica da Atrac\u00e7\u00e3o Universal","volume":"64","author":"Costa Lobo","year":"1917","journal-title":"O Instituto"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref027","first-page":"74","article-title":"O ensino das matem\u00e1ticas deve ser orientado para o estudo da relatividade","volume":"633","author":"Ramos da Costa","year":"1925","journal-title":"Revista de Obras P\u00fablicas e Minas e das Sci\u00eancias Aplicadas \u00e0 Ind\u00fastria"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref024","first-page":"368","article-title":"The eclipse expedition to Sobral","volume":"42","author":"Crommelin","year":"1919","journal-title":"Observatory"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.1920.0009"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref002","first-page":"57","article-title":"Recep\u00e7\u00e3o da teoria da relatividade no Brasil, entre 1919 e 1934","volume":"5","author":"Silva da Silva","year":"2005","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Hist\u00f3ria da Matem\u00e1tica"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/71.5.388"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref017","first-page":"62","article-title":"The Greenwich eclipse expedition to Brazil","volume":"36","author":"Eddington","year":"1913","journal-title":"Observatory"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref004","first-page":"115","article-title":"Oculta\u00e7\u00e3o de uma estrela por J\u00fapiter","volume":"5","author":"Melo e Simas","year":"1926","journal-title":"Jornal de Sci\u00eancias Matem\u00e1ticas, F\u00edsicas e Naturais da Academia de Sci\u00eancias de Lisboa"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030631200030004004"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref007","first-page":"69","article-title":"Necessidade de se iniciarem em Portugal as observa\u00e7\u00f5es de Astrophysica","volume":"2","author":"da Costa","year":"1915","journal-title":"Relat\u00f3rio dos Trabalhos da Academia de Sci\u00eancias de Portugal (1914\u20131915)"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref009","first-page":"97","article-title":"O Eclipse Total do Sol em 29 de Maio de 1919 vis\u00edvel na Ilha do Principe","volume":"64","author":"Oom","year":"1917","journal-title":"O Instituto"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref003","first-page":"4","article-title":"A Teoria da Relatividade em Portugal no Per\u00edodo entre Guerras","volume":"27","author":"Fitas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gazeta de F\u00edsica"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/376099"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/73.5.386"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref020","first-page":"778","article-title":"Zur allgemeinen Relativit\u00e4tstheorie","volume":"2","author":"Einstein","year":"1915","journal-title":"Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref021","first-page":"93","article-title":"Some problems of astronomy. XIX. Gravitation","volume":"38","author":"Eddington","year":"1915","journal-title":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.246.4934.1124"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/098328c0"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref023","first-page":"79","article-title":"Geographical conditions for the observation of the total solar eclipse, 1919 May 28\u201329","volume":"78","author":"Hinks","year":"1917","journal-title":"Observatory"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref025","first-page":"389","article-title":"Joint eclipse meeting of the Royal Society and the Royal Astronomical Society","volume":"42","author":"Thomson","year":"1919","journal-title":"Observatory"},{"key":"S0007087408001568_ref026","first-page":"32","article-title":"The role of astronomy in the development of science","volume":"19","author":"Peres J\u00fanior","year":"1922","journal-title":"South African Journal of Science"}],"container-title":["The British Journal for the History of Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007087408001568","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,30]],"date-time":"2019-04-30T15:53:10Z","timestamp":1556639590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007087408001568\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007087408001568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007087408001568","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-0874","1474-001X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-0874","type":"print"},{"value":"1474-001X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]]}}}