{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T12:19:39Z","timestamp":1768825179623,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,24]],"date-time":"2009-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259020800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>African catfish (<jats:italic>Clarias gariepinus<\/jats:italic>) were fed four isonitrogenous diets (34\u00a0% crude protein), each containing one of two lipid (100 or 180\u00a0g\/kg) and two<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine (15 or 1000\u00a0mg\/kg) levels. After 81\u00a0d of feeding, thirty-two fish (body weight 32\u00a0g) from each dietary group were randomly selected, sixteen fish were induced to a 3-h swim (speed of 1\u00b75\u00a0body length (BL)\/s), while the other sixteen fish were kept under resting condition. Fish fed 1000\u00a0mg<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine accumulated 3\u00b75 and 5\u00a0times more<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine in plasma and muscle, respectively, than fish fed the 15\u00a0mg<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine. Muscle<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine content was significantly lower in exercised fish than in rested fish. High dietary lipid level (fish oil) led to an increase in muscle<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 PUFA content and a decrease in SFA and MUFA content. In liver, the increase in dietary lipid level resulted in an increased levels of both<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-6 and<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 PUFA.<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine supplementation significantly decreased<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 PUFA content. Exercise decreased<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-3 PUFA in both muscle and liver. Plasma lactate and lactate dehydrogenase, normally associated with increased glycolytic processes, were positively correlated with exercise and inversely correlated with dietary<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine level.<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine supplementation reduced significantly the RQ from 0\u00b772 to 0\u00b763, and an interaction between dietary<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>-carnitine and lipid was observed (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00\u00b703). Our results indicate that an increase in fatty acids (FA) intake may promote FA oxidation, and both carnitine and exercise might influence the regulation of FA oxidation selectivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114509993035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,24]],"date-time":"2009-11-24T09:12:31Z","timestamp":1259053951000},"page":"1139-1150","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effects of exercise on<scp>l<\/scp>-carnitine and lipid metabolism in African catfish (<i>Clarias gariepinus<\/i>) fed different dietary<scp>l<\/scp>-carnitine and lipid levels"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo O. A.","family":"Ozorio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vincent J. T.","family":"Van Ginneken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui J. B.","family":"Bessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin W. 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