{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:46:18Z","timestamp":1777419978372,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638835200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Br J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Portugal has high fish\/seafood consumption, which may have both risks and benefits. This study aims to quantify the net health impact of hypothetical scenarios of fish\/seafood consumption in the Portuguese population using a risk\u2013benefit assessment methodology. Consumption data from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2015\u20132016 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> 5811) were used to estimate the mean exposure to methylmercury and EPA + DHA in the current and the alternative scenarios considered. Alternative scenarios (alt) were modelled using probabilistic approaches to reflect substitutions from the current consumption in the type of fish\/seafood (alt1: excluding predatory fishes; alt2: including only methylmercury low-level fishes) or in the frequency of weekly fish\/seafood consumption (alt3 to alt6: 1, 3, 5 or 7 times a week, replacing fish\/seafood meals with meat or others). The overall health impact of these scenarios was quantified using disability-adjusted life years (DALY). In the Portuguese population, about 11\u00a0450 DALY could be prevented each year if the fish\/seafood consumption increased to a daily basis. However, such a scenario would result in 1398 extra DALY considering the consumption by pregnant women and the respective risk on fetal neurodevelopment. Our findings support a recommendation to increase fish\/seafood consumption up to 7 times\/week. However, for pregnant women and children, special considerations must be proposed to avoid potential risks on fetal neurodevelopment due to methylmercury exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114521004773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]],"date-time":"2021-12-07T09:32:09Z","timestamp":1638869529000},"page":"1997-2010","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Quantitative risk\u2013benefit assessment of Portuguese fish and other seafood species consumption scenarios"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"128","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1790-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catarina","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Milton","family":"Severo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Afonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Narcisa M.","family":"Bandarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helena M.","family":"Louren\u00e7o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Gra\u00e7a","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00edsa","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Nabais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Carmona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sarogini","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Duarte","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref44","author":"Ferlay","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-007-8005-7"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref5","unstructured":"5. FAO (2011) Report of the Joint FAO\/WHO Expert Consultation on the Risks and Benefits of Fish Consumption. January 2010. FAO Fish. Aquaculture Report no. 978. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/44666 (accessed March 2021)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31788-4"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.02.034"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00444-1"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref2","unstructured":"2. EFSA (2020) EFSA Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref39","unstructured":"39. Instituto Nacional de Estat\u00edstica (2019) Popula\u00e7\u00e3o residente (N.o) por Local de resid\u00eancia (NUTS - 2013), Sexo e Grupo et\u00e1rio; Anual, 2018 (Resident population (Number) by Place of residence (NUTS - 2013), Sex and Age group; Annual, 2018). https:\/\/www.ine.pt\/xportal\/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&contecto=pi&indOcorrCod=0008273&selTab=tab0 (accessed July 2020)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2006.12.007"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2014.3761"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref1","unstructured":"1. European Commission (2018) Facts and Figures on the Common Fisheries Policy : Basic Statistical Data : 2018 Edition. https:\/\/op.europa.eu\/en\/publication-detail\/-\/publication\/cda10e39-ba77-11ea-811c-01aa75ed71a1 (accessed March 2021)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199305000-00005"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2005.07.003"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1620\/tjem.196.71"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.04.029"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref38","unstructured":"38. Instituto Nacional de Estat\u00edstica (2019) Taxa de fecundidade geral (\u2030) por Grupo et\u00e1rio; Annual, 2018 (General fertility rate (\u2030) by age group; anual, 2018). https:\/\/www.ine.pt\/xportal\/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0001540&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2 (accessed July 2020)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2007.07.006"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2009.07.037"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2011.05.019"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-014-1474-8"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2007.05.052"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/254238a0"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.02.018"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17226\/11762"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/resprot.8990"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2009.090274"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref21","first-page":"3944","article-title":"Guidance on the EU Menu methodology","volume":"12","year":"2014","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v038.i08"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref27","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180993"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2014.08.055"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10584-014-1169-1"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09637486.2018.1551334"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020456"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1601787"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref30","unstructured":"30. IARC (2018) Red Meat and Processed Meat. IARC Monographs vol 114. https:\/\/publications.iarc.fr\/564 (accessed July 2020)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref35","article-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR)","volume":"152","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref17","unstructured":"17. USDA (2009) Report of Quantitative Risk and Benefit Assessment of Consumption of Commercial Fish, Focusing on Fetal Neurodevelopment Effects (Measured by Verbal Development in Children) and on Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke in the General Population. Draft report. https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2009\/01\/21\/E9-1081\/report-of-quantitative-risk-and-benefit-assessment-of-commercial-fish-consumption-focusing-on-fetal (accessed March 2021)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.1.5"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref23","unstructured":"23. ASAE (2020) Plano Nacional de Colheita de Amostras (PNCA) (National Sampling Plan (PNCA)). https:\/\/www.asae.gov.pt\/cientifico-laboratorial\/area-tecnico-cientifica\/pnca-plano-nacional-de-colheita-de-amostras.aspx (accessed July 2020)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref36","volume-title":"International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ICD-10","year":"2019"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(18)30206-7"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref13","first-page":"2985","article-title":"Scientific Opinion on the risk for public health related to the presence of mercury and methylmercury in food","volume":"10","year":"2012","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2010.01409.x"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-12-125"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-015-0516-z"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2006.10.002"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref28","unstructured":"28. Lumley, T (2020) Survey: Analysis of Complex Survey Samples. R Package Version 4.0. https:\/\/cran.r-project.org\/web\/packages\/survey\/index.html (accessed July 2020)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref34","volume-title":"Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017) Disability Weights","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.102774"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.06.063"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref19","first-page":"1341E","article-title":"National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese general population","volume":"14","author":"Lopes","year":"2017","journal-title":"EFSA Support Publ"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref42","unstructured":"42. Instituto Nacional de Estat\u00edstica (2019) Taxa de mortalidade por doen\u00e7as isqu\u00e9micas do cora\u00e7\u00e3o por 100 000 habitantes (N.o) por Local de resid\u00eancia (NUTS - 2013), Sexo e Grupo et\u00e1rio; Anual, 2017 (Mortality rate due to ischemic heart diseases per 100 000 inhabitants (No.) by Place of residence (NUTS - 2013), Sex and Age group; Annual, 2017). https:\/\/www.ine.pt\/xportal\/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0003725&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2 (accessed July 2020)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2016.07.022"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2011.04.005"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440600845619"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23308249.2017.1399104"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaq0216"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1996.10476908"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2016.10.009"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2016.10.026"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbp.2007.10.004"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref37","unstructured":"37. Instituto Nacional de Estat\u00edstica (2019) Esperan\u00e7a m\u00e9dia de vida \u00e0 idade x, 2016\u20132018 (Average life expectancy at age x, 2016\u20132018). https:\/\/www.ine.pt\/xportal\/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0001746&contexto=bd&selTab=tab2&xlang=pt (accessed July 2020)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.15.1885"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980020001044"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr328"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref76","unstructured":"76. FDA & EPA (2019) Advice about Eating Fish For Women who are or might become Pregnant, Breastfeeding Mothers, and Young Children. https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/food\/consumers\/advice-about-eating-fish (accessed March 2021)."},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10534-005-8642-2"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microc.2018.04.024"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.01.013"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref25","volume-title":"USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Legacy Release. Nutrient Data Laboratory","author":"Haytowitz","year":"2018"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15287394.2019.1658859"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.03.022"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2011.10.068"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31937"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Statement on the benefits of fish\/seafood consumption compared to the risks of methylmercury in fish\/seafood","volume":"13","year":"2015","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref24","volume-title":"FAO\/INFOODS Global Food Composition Database for Fish and Shellfish Version 1.0- uFiSh1.0","year":"2016"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf9709616"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ogx.0000268661.03197.57"},{"key":"S0007114521004773_ref77","unstructured":"77. AESAN (2019) Recomendaciones de consumo de pescado (Recommendations on fish and seafood consumption). Agencia Espa\u00f1ola Segur. Aliment. y Nutr. https:\/\/www.aesan.gob.es\/AECOSAN\/docs\/documentos\/publicaciones\/seguridad_alimentaria\/RECOMENDACIONES_consumo_pescado_MERCURIO_AESAN_WEB.PDF (accessed March 2021)."}],"container-title":["British Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/S0007114521004773","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T09:39:42Z","timestamp":1667986782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/product\/identifier\/S0007114521004773\/type\/journal_article"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"references-count":81,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]}},"alternative-id":["S0007114521004773"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114521004773","relation":{},"ISSN":["0007-1145","1475-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0007-1145","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"\u00a9 The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright","group":{"name":"copyright_and_licensing","label":"Copyright and Licensing"}}]}}