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The edible cockle<jats:italic>(Cerastoderma edule)<\/jats:italic>is a commercially important shellfish resource inhabiting coastal lagoons in Europe and their fisheries management urgently needs genetic studies to design appropriate strategies to promote the recovery of exploited populations. The aim of this study was to assess the<jats:italic>C. edule<\/jats:italic>genetic diversity and population structure at a small geographic scale, inside Ria Formosa coastal lagoon (southern Portugal) using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequences in six locations. Outcomes pointed to a common pattern of high haplotype diversity and non-significant genetic structuring inside the Ria Formosa lagoon. A high level of gene flow was detected between all localities and the presence of a single stock from a genetic point of view may be considered for fisheries management purposes. The existence of a high number of haplotypes and high values of haplotype diversity of<jats:italic>C. edule<\/jats:italic>in Ria Formosa lagoon could be consistent with the hypothesis that higher genetic diversity is expected in populations occurring in coastal lagoons, suggesting that lagoons could increase standing genetic variation and an adaptive potential of lagoon populations as an ecological response to a highly variable environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0025315414001313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,7]],"date-time":"2014-10-07T10:48:14Z","timestamp":1412678894000},"page":"371-379","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Population genetics of<i>Cerastoderma edule<\/i>in Ria Formosa (southern Portugal): the challenge of understanding an intraspecific hotspot of genetic 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