{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T09:21:45Z","timestamp":1774171305252,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]],"date-time":"2015-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429747200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/terms"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.cambridge.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Lang. Soc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyze how France-based YouTube comedic performers Ro et Cut enact the stylized figure of a Portuguese migrant in France, Antonio, in their most popular video,<jats:italic>Carglouch<\/jats:italic>. We then examine how commenters respond to the enactment. Specifically, we apply Irvine and Gal's notion of semiotic differentiation to study how participants use language to construct and apply polycentric notions of modernity\/nonmodernity. This allows us to analyze how YouTube performers and commenters produce their own and Antonio's relative (non)modernity, as they orient to different versions of a modern\/nonmodern axis of differentiation, situated in multiple \u2018centers\u2019: France, Portugal, or Europe. That is, participants either interpret Antonio as a nonmodern immigrant in France, a nonmodern emigrant from Portugal, or an international representative of Portugal, spreading nonmodern images of Portugal abroad. We then consider how participants bring these differently centered images of the nonmodern Other into dialogue with each Other, with different outcomes for variously positioned participants. (Migration, heteroglossia, YouTube, transnationalism, Luso-descendants, (non)modernity, France, Portugal)*<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1017\/s0047404515000056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]],"date-time":"2015-04-23T07:11:51Z","timestamp":1429773111000},"page":"213-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/policypage","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Performing and evaluating (non)modernities of Portuguese migrant figures on YouTube: The case of Antonio de Carglouch"],"prefix":"10.1017","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Mich\u00e8le","family":"Koven","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Sim\u00f5es Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"56","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1215\/10407391-13-1-77"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref21","volume-title":"Le va-et-vient identitaire: Migrants portugais et village d'origine","author":"Charbit","year":"1997"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511620867.002"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref37","volume-title":"Les enfants bilingues: Langues et familles","author":"Deprez","year":"1994"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref26","volume-title":"Modernity and its malcontents","author":"Comaroff","year":"1993"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781444304732"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pragma.2010.06.022"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/can.1999.14.3.361"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref60","volume-title":"Linguistic minorities and modernity: A sociolinguistic ethnography","author":"Heller","year":"2006"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-anthro-102313-030050"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref78","volume-title":"Au-del\u00e0 des apparences: Les Portugais face \u00e0 l'insertion sociale","author":"Leandro","year":"1995"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5130\/portal.v4i2.521"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/dsp.2011.0021"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511845307"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1070289X.2000.9962654"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pragma.2010.07.035","article-title":"Moment analysis and translanguaging space","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Pragmatics"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/jlin.1998.8.1.3"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref58","volume-title":"Imagens e clivagens: Os residentes face aos emigrantes","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"1996"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref106","first-page":"421","volume-title":"Actes du XXVe Congr\u00e8s International de Linguistique et de Philologie Romanes, tome 1","author":"Sim\u00f5es Marques","year":"2010"},{"key":"S0047404515000056_ref36","unstructured":"Deprez Christine (n.d.). 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